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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, December 2005, p. 8323-8334, Vol. 71, No. 12
0099-2240/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.71.12.8323-8334.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Influence of Inorganic Nitrogen Management Regime on the Diversity of Nitrite-Oxidizing Bacteria in Agricultural Grassland Soils

Thomas E. Freitag,1 Lisa Chang,1 Christopher D. Clegg,2 and James I. Prosser1*

School of Medical Sciences, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, Scotland,1 Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research, North Wyke Research Station, Okehampton, Devon EX20 2SB, United Kingdom2

Received 16 May 2005/ Accepted 12 August 2005

To assess links between the diversity of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) in agricultural grassland soils and inorganic N fertilizer management, NOB communities in fertilized and unfertilized soils were characterized by analysis of clone libraries and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) of 16S rRNA gene fragments. Previously uncharacterized Nitrospira-like sequences were isolated from both long-term-fertilized and unfertilized soils, but DGGE migration patterns indicated the presence of additional sequence types in the fertilized soils. Detailed phylogenetic analysis of Nitrospira-like sequences suggests the existence of one newly described evolutionary group and of subclusters within previously described sublineages, potentially representing different ecotypes; the new group may represent a lineage of noncharacterized Nitrospira species. Clone libraries of Nitrobacter-like sequences generated from soils under different long-term N management regimes were dominated by sequences with high similarity to the rhizoplane isolate Nitrobacter sp. strain PJN1. However, the diversity of Nitrobacter communities did not differ significantly between the two soil types. This is the first cultivation-independent study of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria in soil demonstrating that nitrogen management practices influence the diversity of this bacterial functional group.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: School of Medical Sciences, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, Scotland, United Kingdom. Phone: 44 1224 555848. Fax: 44 1224 555844. E-mail: j.prosser{at}abdn.ac.uk.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, December 2005, p. 8323-8334, Vol. 71, No. 12
0099-2240/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.71.12.8323-8334.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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