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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, December 2005, p. 8649-8655, Vol. 71, No. 12
0099-2240/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.71.12.8649-8655.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Anaerobic Degradation of Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, and Xylene Compounds by Dechloromonas Strain RCB

Romy Chakraborty, Susan M. O'Connor, Emily Chan, and John D. Coates*

Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720

Received 28 April 2005/ Accepted 6 September 2005

Dechloromonas strain RCB has been shown to be capable of anaerobic degradation of benzene coupled to nitrate reduction. As a continuation of these studies, the metabolic versatility and hydrocarbon biodegradative capability of this organism were investigated. The results of these revealed that in addition to nitrate, strain RCB could alternatively degrade benzene both aerobically and anaerobically with perchlorate or chlorate [(per)chlorate] as a suitable electron acceptor. Furthermore, with nitrate as the electron acceptor, strain RCB could also utilize toluene, ethylbenzene, and all three isomers of xylene (ortho-, meta-, and para-) as electron donors. While toluene and ethylbenzene were completely mineralized to CO2, strain RCB did not completely mineralize para-xylene but rather transformed it to some as-yet-unidentified metabolite. Interestingly, with nitrate as the electron acceptor, strain RCB degraded benzene and toluene concurrently when the hydrocarbons were added as a mixture and almost 92 µM total hydrocarbons were oxidized within 15 days. The results of these studies emphasize the unique metabolic versatility of this organism, highlighting its potential applicability to bioremediative technologies.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720. Phone: (510) 643-8455. Fax: (510) 642-4995. E-mail: jcoates{at}nature.berkeley.edu.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, December 2005, p. 8649-8655, Vol. 71, No. 12
0099-2240/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.71.12.8649-8655.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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