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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, April 2005, p. 1865-1869, Vol. 71, No. 4
0099-2240/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.71.4.1865-1869.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Nutrient Effects on Biocontrol of Penicillium roqueforti by Pichia anomala J121 during Airtight Storage of Wheat

Ulrika Ädel Druvefors,* Volkmar Passoth, and Johan Schnürer

Department of Microbiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Uppsala, Sweden

Received 1 July 2004/ Accepted 2 November 2004

The biocontrol yeast Pichia anomala inhibits the growth of a variety of mold species. We examined the mechanism underlying the inhibition of the grain spoilage mold Penicillium roqueforti by the biocontrol yeast P. anomala J121 during airtight storage. The biocontrol effect in a model grain silo with moist wheat (water activity of 0.96) was enhanced when complex medium, maltose, or glucose was added. Supplementation with additional nitrogen or vitamin sources did not affect the biocontrol activity of the yeast. The addition of complex medium or glucose did not significantly influence the yeast cell numbers in the silos, whether in the presence or absence of P. roqueforti. Mold growth was not influenced by the addition of nutrients, if cultivated without yeast. The products of glucose metabolism, mainly ethanol and ethyl acetate, increased after glucose addition to P. anomala-inoculated treatments. Our results suggest that neither competition for nutrients nor production of a glucose-repressible cell wall lytic enzyme is the main mode of action of biocontrol by P. anomala in this grain system. Instead, the mold-inhibiting effect probably is due to the antifungal action of metabolites, most likely a combination of ethyl acetate and ethanol, derived from glycolysis. The discovery that sugar amendments enhance the biocontrol effect of P. anomala suggests novel ways of formulating biocontrol yeasts.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), P.O. Box 7025, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden. Phone: 46 18 673213. Fax: 46 18 673392. E-mail: Ulrika.Druvefors{at}mikrob.slu.se.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, April 2005, p. 1865-1869, Vol. 71, No. 4
0099-2240/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.71.4.1865-1869.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Santos, A., San Mauro, M., Bravo, E., Marquina, D. (2009). PMKT2, a new killer toxin from Pichia membranifaciens, and its promising biotechnological properties for control of the spoilage yeast Brettanomyces bruxellensis. Microbiology 155: 624-634 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


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