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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, June 2005, p. 3302-3310, Vol. 71, No. 6
0099-2240/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.71.6.3302-3310.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Evolutionary Relationships of Three New Species of Enterobacteriaceae Living as Symbionts of Aphids and Other Insects

Nancy A. Moran,1* Jacob A. Russell,1 Ryuichi Koga,2 and Takema Fukatsu2

Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona,1 Institute for Biological Resources and Functions, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba 305-8566, Japan2

Received 28 October 2004/ Accepted 28 December 2004

Ecological studies on three bacterial lineages symbiotic in aphids have shown that they impose a variety of effects on their hosts, including resistance to parasitoids and tolerance to heat stress. Phylogenetic analyses of partial sequences of gyrB and recA are consistent with previous analyses limited to 16S rRNA gene sequences and yield improved confidence of the evolutionary relationships of these symbionts. All three symbionts are in the Enterobacteriaceae. One of the symbionts, here given the provisional designation "Candidatus Serratia symbiotica," is a Serratia species that has acquired a symbiotic lifestyle. The other two symbionts, here designated "Candidatus Hamiltonella defensa" and "Candidatus Regiella insecticola," are sister groups to one another and together show a relationship to species of Photorhabdus.


* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Biological Sciences West 310, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721. Phone: (520) 621-3581. Fax: (520) 621-9190. E-mail: nmoran{at}u.arizona.edu.


Applied and Environmental Microbiology, June 2005, p. 3302-3310, Vol. 71, No. 6
0099-2240/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.71.6.3302-3310.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.




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