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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, July 2005, p. 4004-4013, Vol. 71, No. 7
0099-2240/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.71.7.4004-4013.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Development and Application of an Insertional System for Gene Delivery and Expression in Campylobacter jejuni

A. V. Karlyshev* and B. W. Wren

London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel St., London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom

Received 2 September 2004/ Accepted 24 January 2005

The genetic investigation of Campylobacter jejuni, an important gastrointestinal pathogen, has been hampered by the lack of an efficient system for introduction of exogenous genetic information, as commonly used vectors designed for Escherichia coli and other bacteria cannot be maintained in Campylobacter cells. Additionally, gene expression in Campylobacter requires the presence of species-specific promoters. In this study we exploited the availability of several conserved copies of rRNA gene clusters for insertion of various genes into the chromosome by homologous recombination. The high conservation of the rRNA sequences means that the procedure can be applied to other Campylobacter strains. The presence of a Campylobacter-derived promoter in this vector ensures expression of exogenous genes in target cells. The efficiency of the procedure was demonstrated by complementation of mutations in two strains of Campylobacter. In addition, we applied the system for introduction and expression of a green fluorescent protein (GFP). GFP-expressing Campylobacter allowed visualization of sessile bacteria attached to a glass surface in stationary liquid culture. The study demonstrated that the attached bacteria contained an assemblage of coccoid and spiral forms with liquid channels preserving viable highly motile cells. We demonstrate a novel universal procedure for gene delivery and expression that can be used as an efficient tool to study this poorly understood pathogen. The principles developed in this study could be more widely applied for the manipulation of other bacteria that are refractory to genetic analysis.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, University of London, Keppel St., London WC1E 7HT, United Kingdom. Phone: 44 (0) 207 612 2032. Fax: 44 (0) 207 637 4314. E-mail: andrey.karlyshev{at}lshtm.ac.uk.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, July 2005, p. 4004-4013, Vol. 71, No. 7
0099-2240/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.71.7.4004-4013.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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