This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowReprints and Permissions
Right arrow Copyright Information
Right arrow Books from ASM Press
Right arrow MicrobeWorld
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Yoshida, N.
Right arrow Articles by Hiraishi, A.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Yoshida, N.
Right arrow Articles by Hiraishi, A.
Agricola
Right arrow Articles by Yoshida, N.
Right arrow Articles by Hiraishi, A.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, August 2005, p. 4325-4334, Vol. 71, No. 8
0099-2240/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.71.8.4325-4334.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Phylogenetic Characterization of a Polychlorinated-Dioxin- Dechlorinating Microbial Community by Use of Microcosm Studies

Naoko Yoshida, Nobutaka Takahashi, and Akira Hiraishi*

Department of Ecological Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Toyohashi 441-8580, Japan

Received 1 November 2004/ Accepted 23 February 2005

Microcosms capable of reductive dechlorination of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) were constructed in glass bottles by seeding them with a polluted river sediment and incubating them anaerobically with an organic medium. All of the PCDD/F congeners detected were equally reduced without the accumulation of significant amounts of less-chlorinated congeners as the intermediate or end products. Alternatively, large amounts of catechol and salicylic acid were produced in the upper aqueous phase. Thus, the dechlorination of PCDD/Fs and the oxidative degradation of the dechlorinated products seemed to take place simultaneously in the microcosm. Denaturing gel gradient electrophoresis and clone library analyses of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA genes from the microcosm showed that members of the phyla Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes predominated. A significant number of Chloroflexi clones were also detected. Quantitative real-time PCR with specific primer sets showed that the 16S rRNA genes of a putative dechlorinator, "Dehalococcoides," and its relatives accounted for 0.1% of the total rRNA gene copies of the microcosm. Most of the clones thus obtained formed a cluster distinct from the typical "Dehalococcoides" group. Quinone profiling indicated that ubiquinones accounted for 18 to 25% of the total quinone content, suggesting the coexistence and activity of ubiquinone-containing aerobic bacteria. These results suggest that the apparent complete dechlorination of PCDD/Fs found in the microcosm was due to a combination of the dechlorinating activity of the "Dehalococcoides"-like organisms and the oxidative degradation of the dechlorinated products by aerobic bacteria with aromatic hydrocarbon dioxygenases.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Ecological Engineering, Toyohashi University of Technology, Tempaku-cho, Toyohashi 441-8580, Japan. Phone: 81-532-44-6913. Fax: 81-532-44-6929. E-mail: hiraishi{at}eco.tut.ac.jp.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, August 2005, p. 4325-4334, Vol. 71, No. 8
0099-2240/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.71.8.4325-4334.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Yoshida, N., Ye, L., Baba, D., Katayama, A. (2009). A Novel Dehalobacter Species Is Involved in Extensive 4,5,6,7-Tetrachlorophthalide Dechlorination. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 75: 2400-2405 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Michalsen, M. M., Peacock, A. D., Spain, A. M., Smithgal, A. N., White, D. C., Sanchez-Rosario, Y., Krumholz, L. R., Istok, J. D. (2007). Changes in Microbial Community Composition and Geochemistry during Uranium and Technetium Bioimmobilization. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 73: 5885-5896 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • He, S., Gall, D. L., McMahon, K. D. (2007). "Candidatus Accumulibacter" Population Structure in Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal Sludges as Revealed by Polyphosphate Kinase Genes. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 73: 5865-5874 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Fagervold, S. K., May, H. D., Sowers, K. R. (2007). Microbial Reductive Dechlorination of Aroclor 1260 in Baltimore Harbor Sediment Microcosms Is Catalyzed by Three Phylotypes within the Phylum Chloroflexi. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 73: 3009-3018 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Ashelford, K. E., Chuzhanova, N. A., Fry, J. C., Jones, A. J., Weightman, A. J. (2006). New Screening Software Shows that Most Recent Large 16S rRNA Gene Clone Libraries Contain Chimeras. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 72: 5734-5741 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Nesbo, C. L., Dlutek, M., Zhaxybayeva, O., Doolittle, W. F. (2006). Evidence for existence of "mesotogas," members of the order thermotogales adapted to low-temperature environments.. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 72: 5061-5068 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


Copyright © 2009 by the American Society for Microbiology.   For an alternate route to Journals.ASM.org, visit: http://intl-journals.asm.org | More Info»