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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, September 2005, p. 5085-5088, Vol. 71, No. 9
0099-2240/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.71.9.5085-5088.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Survival of Campylobacter jejuni in Water: Effect of Grazing by the Freshwater Crustacean Daphnia carinata (Cladocera)

M. Schallenberg,1* P. J. Bremer,2 S. Henkel,3 A. Launhardt,3 and C. W. Burns1

Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand,1 Department of Food Science, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand,2 Department of Environmental Engineering, Brandenburg University of Technology, Cottbus, Germany3

Received 3 August 2004/ Accepted 29 March 2005

Environmental studies of the human-pathogenic bacterium Campylobacter jejuni have focused on linking distributions with potential sources. However, in aquatic ecosystems, the abundance of C. jejuni may also be regulated by predation. We examine the potential for grazing by the freshwater planktonic crustacean Daphnia carinata to reduce the survival of C. jejuni. We use a system for measuring grazing and clearance rates of D. carinata on bacteria and demonstrate that D. carinata can graze C. jejuni cells at a rate of 7% individual–1 h–1 under simulated natural conditions in the presence of an algal food source. We show that passage of C. jejuni through the Daphnia gut and incorporation into fecal material effectively reduces survival of C. jejuni. This is the first evidence to suggest that grazing by planktonic organisms can reduce the abundance of C. jejuni in natural waters. Biomanipulation of planktonic food webs to enhance Daphnia densities offers potential for reducing microbial pathogen densities in drinking water reservoirs and recreational water bodies, thereby reducing the risk of contracting water-borne disease.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Zoology, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand. Phone: 64-3-479-7989. Fax: 64-3-479-7584. E-mail: marc.schallenberg{at}stonebow.otago.ac.nz.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, September 2005, p. 5085-5088, Vol. 71, No. 9
0099-2240/05/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.71.9.5085-5088.2005
Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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