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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, August 2006, p. 5562-5568, Vol. 72, No. 8
0099-2240/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.00702-06
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Isolation, Characterization, and Ecology of Cold-Active, Chemolithotrophic, Sulfur-Oxidizing Bacteria from Perennially Ice-Covered Lake Fryxell, Antarctica

W. Matthew Sattley and Michael T. Madigan*

Department of Microbiology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois 62901

Received 27 March 2006/ Accepted 18 May 2006

Novel strains of obligately chemolithoautotrophic, sulfur-oxidizing bacteria have been isolated from various depths of Lake Fryxell, Antarctica. Physiological, morphological, and phylogenetic analyses showed these strains to be related to mesophilic Thiobacillus species, such as T. thioparus. However, the psychrotolerant Antarctic isolates showed an adaptation to cold temperatures and thus should be active in the nearly freezing waters of the lake. Enumeration by most-probable-number analysis in an oxic, thiosulfate-containing medium revealed that the sulfur-oxidizing chemolithotroph population peaks precisely at the oxycline (9.5 m), although viable cells exist well into the anoxic, sulfidic waters of the lake. The sulfur-oxidizing bacteria described here likely play a key role in the biogeochemical cycling of carbon and sulfur in Lake Fryxell.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901. Phone and fax: (618) 453-5130. E-mail: madigan{at}micro.siu.edu.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, August 2006, p. 5562-5568, Vol. 72, No. 8
0099-2240/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.00702-06
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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