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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, September 2006, p. 6381-6387, Vol. 72, No. 9
0099-2240/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.02621-05
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

SHORT REPORT

Molecular Epidemiology of Echoviruses 11 and 13, Based on an Environmental Surveillance Conducted in Toyama Prefecture, 2002-2003

Masae Iwai,^1, Hiromu Yoshida,^2,* Kumiko Matsuura,¹ Tsuguto Fujimoto,³ Hiroyuki Shimizu,² Takenori Takizawa,¹ and Yoshiyuki Nagai¹

Department of Virology, Toyama Institute of Health, Nakataikouyama, Kosugi-machi, Imizu-shi, Toyama 939-0363, Japan,¹ Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Gakuen 4-7-1, Musashimurayama, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan,² Infectious Disease Research Division, Hyogo Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environmental Sciences, 2-1-29 Arata-cho, Hyogo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 652-0032, Japan³

Received 7 November 2005/ Accepted 5 July 2006

Nineteen echovirus 11 (E11) and 12 E13 isolates were isolated from three rivers in Toyama Prefecture, Japan, during an environmental surveillance conducted from April 2002 to March 2003. The nucleotide sequences of E13 isolates were closely related to those from patients with aseptic meningitis, with less than 1.3% divergence in the VP1 region of the viral capsid gene, and belonged to the same clade responsible for a worldwide outbreak that started in 2000. In contrast, E11 isolates were clustered into three genomic groups and were not closely related to echovirus strains isolated from patients. These results suggest that the combination of both virus isolation from environmental sources and phylogenetic analysis could be complementary assessment approaches to trace prevalent and minor circulating enteroviruses in the human population.

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* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Gakuen 4-7-1, Musashimurayama, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan. Phone: 81-42-561-0771. Fax: 81-42-561-4729. E-mail: hyoshida{at}nih.go.jp.

Supplemental material for this article may be found at http://aem.asm.org/.

M.I. and H.Y. contributed equally to this work.

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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, September 2006, p. 6381-6387, Vol. 72, No. 9
0099-2240/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.02621-05
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

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