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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, May 2007, p. 3272-3282, Vol. 73, No. 10
0099-2240/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.02811-06
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Phylogenetic Diversity of Gram-Positive Bacteria Cultured from Marine Sediments{triangledown} ,{dagger}

Erin A. Gontang, William Fenical, and Paul R. Jensen*

Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0204

Received 1 December 2006/ Accepted 12 March 2007

Major advances in our understanding of marine bacterial diversity have been gained through studies of bacterioplankton, the vast majority of which appear to be gram negative. Less effort has been devoted to studies of bacteria inhabiting marine sediments, yet there is evidence to suggest that gram-positive bacteria comprise a relatively large proportion of these communities. To further expand our understanding of the aerobic gram-positive bacteria present in tropical marine sediments, a culture-dependent approach was applied to sediments collected in the Republic of Palau from the intertidal zone to depths of 500 m. This investigation resulted in the isolation of 1,624 diverse gram-positive bacteria spanning 22 families, including many that appear to represent new taxa. Phylogenetic analysis of 189 representative isolates, based on 16S rRNA gene sequence data, indicated that 124 (65.6%) belonged to the class Actinobacteria while the remaining 65 (34.4%) were members of the class Bacilli. Using a sequence identity value of ≥98%, the 189 isolates grouped into 78 operational taxonomic units, of which 29 (37.2%) are likely to represent new taxa. The high degree of phylogenetic novelty observed during this study highlights the fact that a great deal remains to be learned about the diversity of gram-positive bacteria in marine sediments.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093-0204. Phone: (858) 534-7322. Fax: (858) 534-1318. E-mail: pjensen{at}ucsd.edu

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 30 March 2007.

{dagger} Supplemental material for this article may be found at http://aem.asm.org/.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, May 2007, p. 3272-3282, Vol. 73, No. 10
0099-2240/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.02811-06
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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