This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowReprints and Permissions
Right arrow Copyright Information
Right arrow Books from ASM Press
Right arrow MicrobeWorld
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Arnaud, G.
Right arrow Articles by Foissac, X.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Arnaud, G.
Right arrow Articles by Foissac, X.
Agricola
Right arrow Articles by Arnaud, G.
Right arrow Articles by Foissac, X.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, June 2007, p. 4001-4010, Vol. 73, No. 12
0099-2240/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.02323-06
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Multilocus Sequence Typing Confirms the Close Genetic Interrelatedness of Three Distinct Flavescence Dorée Phytoplasma Strain Clusters and Group 16SrV Phytoplasmas Infecting Grapevine and Alder in Europe{triangledown}

Guillaume Arnaud,1 Sylvie Malembic-Maher,1 Pascal Salar,1 Patrick Bonnet,1 Michael Maixner,2 Carmine Marcone,3 Elisabeth Boudon-Padieu,4 and Xavier Foissac1*

UMR1090, Génomique, Diversité et Pouvoir Pathogène, INRA, Université Victor Ségalen Bordeaux 2, BP 81, F-33883 Villenave d'Ornon, France,1 Institut für Pflanzenschutz im Weinbau, Biologische Bundesanstalt für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Brueningstrasse 84, 54470 Bernkastel-Kues, Germany,2 Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Salerno, Via Ponte don Melillo, I-84084 Fisciano, Italy,3 UMR1088, Plante Microbe Environnement, INRA, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne, Domaine d'Epoisses, BP 86510, F-21065 Dijon, France4

Received 2 October 2006/ Accepted 27 March 2007

Vineyards of southern France and northern Italy are affected by the flavescence dorée (FD) phytoplasma, a quarantine pathogen transmitted by the leafhopper of Nearctic origin Scaphoideus titanus. To better trace propagation of FD strains and identify possible passage between the vineyard and wild plant compartments, molecular typing of phytoplasma strains was applied. The sequences of the two genetic loci map and uvrB-degV, along with the sequence of the secY gene, were determined among a collection of FD and FD-related phytoplasmas infecting grapevine, alder, elm, blackberry, and Spanish broom in Europe. Sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analyses consistently indicated the existence of three FD phytoplasma strain clusters. Strain cluster FD1 (comprising isolate FD70) displayed low variability and represented 17% of the disease cases in the French vineyard, with a higher incidence of the cases in southwestern France. Strain cluster FD2 (comprising isolates FD92 and FD-D) displayed no variability and was detected both in France (83% of the cases) and in Italy, whereas the more-variable strain cluster FD3 (comprising isolate FD-C) was detected only in Italy. The clonal property of FD2 and its wide distribution are consistent with diffusion through propagation of infected-plant material. German Palatinate grapevine yellows phytoplasmas (PGY) appeared variable and were often related to some of the alder phytoplasmas (AldY) detected in Italy and France. Finally, phylogenetic analyses concluded that FD, PGY, and AldY were members of the same phylogenetic subclade, which may have originated in Europe.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: UMR1090, Génomique, Diversité et Pouvoir Pathogène, INRA, BP 81, 33883 Villenave d'Ornon, France. Phone: 33 557 122360. Fax: 33 557 122369. E-mail: foissac{at}bordeaux.inra.fr

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 27 April 2007.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, June 2007, p. 4001-4010, Vol. 73, No. 12
0099-2240/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.02323-06
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Hodgetts, J., Boonham, N., Mumford, R., Harrison, N., Dickinson, M. (2008). Phytoplasma phylogenetics based on analysis of secA and 23S rRNA gene sequences for improved resolution of candidate species of 'Candidatus Phytoplasma'. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 58: 1826-1837 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Malembic-Maher, S., Constable, F., Cimerman, A., Arnaud, G., Carle, P., Foissac, X., Boudon-Padieu, E. (2008). A chromosome map of the Flavescence doree phytoplasma. Microbiology 154: 1454-1463 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


Copyright © 2009 by the American Society for Microbiology.   For an alternate route to Journals.ASM.org, visit: http://intl-journals.asm.org | More Info»