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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, October 2007, p. 6317-6320, Vol. 73, No. 19
0099-2240/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.01237-07
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

SHORT REPORT

Bacteria Metabolically Engineered for Enhanced Phytochelatin Production and Cadmium Accumulation{triangledown} ,{dagger}

Seung Hyun Kang ,1,{ddagger} Shailendra Singh,1,2,{ddagger} Jae-Young Kim ,1,§ Wonkyu Lee ,1,¶ Ashok Mulchandani,1 and Wilfred Chen1*

Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering,1 Cell Molecular and Developmental Biology Program, University of California, Riverside, California 925212

Received 4 June 2007/ Accepted 30 July 2007

Phytochelatins (PCs) with good binding affinities for a wide range of heavy metals were exploited to develop microbial sorbents for cadmium removal. PC synthase from Schizosaccharomyces pombe (SpPCS) was overexpressed in Escherichia coli, resulting in PC synthesis and 7.5-times-higher Cd accumulation. The coexpression of a variant {gamma}-glutamylcysteine synthetase desensitized to feedback inhibition (GshI*) increased the supply of the PC precursor glutathione, resulting in further increases of 10- and 2-fold in PC production and Cd accumulation, respectively. A Cd transporter, MntA, was expressed with SpPCS and GshI* to improve Cd uptake, resulting in a further 1.5-fold increase in Cd accumulation. The level of Cd accumulation in this recombinant E. coli strain (31.6 µmol/g [dry weight] of cells) was more than 25-fold higher than that in the control strain.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521. Phone: (951) 827-2473. Fax: (951) 827-5696. E-mail: wilfred{at}engr.ucr.edu

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 3 August 2007.

{dagger} Supplemental material for this article may be found at http://aem.asm.org/.

{ddagger} These authors contributed equally to this paper.

§ Present address: Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, 120 Olin Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853-5201.

Present address: Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea 442-7491.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, October 2007, p. 6317-6320, Vol. 73, No. 19
0099-2240/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.01237-07
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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