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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, January 2008, p. 286-293, Vol. 74, No. 1
0099-2240/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.01006-07
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Quantifying Community Dynamics of Nitrifiers in Functionally Stable Reactors{triangledown} ,{dagger}

Lieven Wittebolle, Han Vervaeren, Willy Verstraete, and Nico Boon*

Laboratory of Microbial Ecology and Technology (LabMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium

Received 4 May 2007/ Accepted 23 October 2007

A sequential batch reactor (SBR) and a membrane bioreactor (MBR) were inoculated with the same sludge from a municipal wastewater treatment plant, supplemented with ammonium, and operated in parallel for 84 days. It was investigated whether the functional stability of the nitrification process corresponded with a static ammonia-oxidizing bacterial (AOB) community. The SBR provided complete nitrification during nearly the whole experimental run, whereas the MBR showed a buildup of 0 to 2 mg nitrite-N liter–1 from day 45 until day 84. Based on the denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis profiles, two novel approaches were introduced to characterize and quantify the community dynamics and interspecies abundance ratios: (i) the rate of change [{Delta}t(week)] parameter and (ii) the Pareto-Lorenz curve distribution pattern. During the whole sampling period, it was observed that neither of the reactor types maintained a static microbial community and that the SBR evolved more gradually than the MBR, particularly with respect to AOB (i.e., average weekly community changes of 12.6% ± 5.2% for the SBR and 24.6% ± 14.3% for the MBR). Based on the Pareto-Lorenz curves, it was observed that only a small group of AOB species played a numerically dominant role in the nitritation of both reactors, and this was true especially for the MBR. The remaining less dominant species were speculated to constitute a reserve of AOB which can proliferate to replace the dominant species. The value of these parameters in terms of tools to assist the operation of activated-sludge systems is discussed.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Laboratory of Microbial Ecology and Technology (LabMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium. Phone: 32 (0)9/264 59 76. Fax: 32 (0)9/264 62 48. E-mail: Nico.Boon{at}UGent.be

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 2 November 2007.

{dagger} Supplemental material for this article may be found at http://aem.asm.org/.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, January 2008, p. 286-293, Vol. 74, No. 1
0099-2240/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.01006-07
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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