AEM
Home Help [Feedback] [For Subscribers] [Archive] [Search] [Contents]
This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Other Versions of this Article:
AEM.02246-07v1
74/10/2990    most recent
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowReprints and Permissions
Right arrow Copyright Information
Right arrow Books from ASM Press
Right arrow MicrobeWorld
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Lambertini, E.
Right arrow Articles by Borchardt, M. A.
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Lambertini, E.
Right arrow Articles by Borchardt, M. A.
Agricola
Right arrow Articles by Lambertini, E.
Right arrow Articles by Borchardt, M. A.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, May 2008, p. 2990-2996, Vol. 74, No. 10
0099-2240/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.02246-07
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Concentration of Enteroviruses, Adenoviruses, and Noroviruses from Drinking Water by Use of Glass Wool Filters{triangledown}

Elisabetta Lambertini,1 Susan K. Spencer,2 Phillip D. Bertz,2 Frank J. Loge,1 Burney A. Kieke,2 and Mark A. Borchardt2*

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616,1 Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation, Marshfield, Wisconsin 544492

Received 2 October 2007/ Accepted 13 March 2008

Available filtration methods to concentrate waterborne viruses are either too costly for studies requiring large numbers of samples, limited to small sample volumes, or not very portable for routine field applications. Sodocalcic glass wool filtration is a cost-effective and easy-to-use method to retain viruses, but its efficiency and reliability are not adequately understood. This study evaluated glass wool filter performance to concentrate the four viruses on the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency contaminant candidate list, i.e., coxsackievirus, echovirus, norovirus, and adenovirus, as well as poliovirus. Total virus numbers recovered were measured by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR); infectious polioviruses were quantified by integrated cell culture (ICC)-qRT-PCR. Recovery efficiencies averaged 70% for poliovirus, 14% for coxsackievirus B5, 19% for echovirus 18, 21% for adenovirus 41, and 29% for norovirus. Virus strain and water matrix affected recovery, with significant interaction between the two variables. Optimal recovery was obtained at pH 6.5. No evidence was found that water volume, filtration rate, and number of viruses seeded influenced recovery. The method was successful in detecting indigenous viruses in municipal wells in Wisconsin. Long-term continuous filtration retained viruses sufficiently for their detection for up to 16 days after seeding for qRT-PCR and up to 30 days for ICC-qRT-PCR. Glass wool filtration is suitable for large-volume samples (1,000 liters) collected at high filtration rates (4 liters min–1), and its low cost makes it advantageous for studies requiring large numbers of samples.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation, 1000 North Oak Avenue, Marshfield, WI 54449. Phone: (715) 389-3758. Fax: (715) 389-3808. E-mail: borchardt.mark{at}mcrf.mfldclin.edu

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 21 March 2008.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, May 2008, p. 2990-2996, Vol. 74, No. 10
0099-2240/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.02246-07
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





Home Help [Feedback] [For Subscribers] [Archive] [Search] [Contents]
J. Bacteriol. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. Eukaryot. Cell All ASM Journals

Copyright © 2008 by the American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.