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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, May 2008, p. 2997-3001, Vol. 74, No. 10
0099-2240/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.02415-07
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Bactericidal Effect of Solar Water Disinfection under Real Sunlight Conditions{triangledown}

M. Boyle,1 C. Sichel,2 P. Fernández-Ibáñez,2 G. B. Arias-Quiroz,3 M. Iriarte-Puña,3 A. Mercado,3 E. Ubomba-Jaswa,1,2 and K. G. McGuigan1*

Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, Ireland,1 Plataforma Solar de Almería-CIEMAT, Ctra. Senés Km. 4, 04200 Tabernas, Almería, Spain,2 Centro de Aguas y Saneamiento Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnología, Universidad Mayor de San Simón, Cochabamba, Bolivia3

Received 26 October 2007/ Accepted 13 March 2008

Batch solar disinfection (SODIS) inactivation kinetics are reported for suspensions in water of Campylobacter jejuni, Yersinia enterocolitica, enteropathogenic Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and endospores of Bacillus subtilis, exposed to strong natural sunlight in Spain and Bolivia. The exposure time required for complete inactivation (at least 4-log-unit reduction and below the limit of detection, 17 CFU/ml) under conditions of strong natural sunlight (maximum global irradiance, ~1,050 W m–2 ± 10 W m–2) was as follows: C. jejuni, 20 min; S. epidermidis, 45 min; enteropathogenic E. coli, 90 min; Y. enterocolitica, 150 min. Following incomplete inactivation of B. subtilis endospores after the first day, reexposure of these samples on the following day found that 4% (standard error, 3%) of the endospores remained viable after a cumulative exposure time of 16 h of strong natural sunlight. SODIS is shown to be effective against the vegetative cells of a number of emerging waterborne pathogens; however, bacterial species which are spore forming may survive this intervention process.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland. Phone: 353 1 4022207. Fax: 353 1 4022168. E-mail: kmcguigan{at}rcsi.ie

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 21 March 2008.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, May 2008, p. 2997-3001, Vol. 74, No. 10
0099-2240/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.02415-07
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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