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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, December 2008, p. 7126-7129, Vol. 74, No. 23
0099-2240/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.01292-08
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Mechanism of Synergistic Inhibition of Listeria monocytogenes Growth by Lactic Acid, Monolaurin, and Nisin{triangledown}

Oleksandr Tokarskyy1 and Douglas L. Marshall2*

Department of Food Science, Nutrition, and Health Promotion, Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station, Mississippi State University, Box 9805, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-9805,1 College of Natural and Health Sciences, University of Northern Colorado, Gunter 1000, Box 134, Greeley, Colorado 806392

Received 10 June 2008/ Accepted 18 September 2008

The combined lactic acid, monolaurin, and nisin effects on time-to-detection (optical density at 600 nm) extension were greater (P < 0.05) than any single or paired combination effect, which demonstrates a synergistic interaction among the antimicrobials. Monolaurin exposure caused C12:0 cell membrane incorporation. Lactic acid caused increased monolaurin C12:0 membrane incorporation, while nisin had no influence. We postulate that lactic acid-enhanced monolaurin C12:0 incorporation into the cell membrane increased membrane fluidity resulting in increased nisin activity.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: University of Northern Colorado, College of Natural and Health Science, Gunter Hall 1000, Campus Box 134, Greeley, CO 80639. Phone: (970) 351-2877. Fax: (970) 351-2176. E-mail: douglas.marshall{at}unco.edu

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 26 September 2008.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, December 2008, p. 7126-7129, Vol. 74, No. 23
0099-2240/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.01292-08
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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