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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, February 2008, p. 783-791, Vol. 74, No. 3
0099-2240/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.01384-07
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Application of Methods for Identifying Broiler Chicken Gut Bacterial Species Linked with Increased Energy Metabolism{triangledown}

Valeria A. Torok,1* Kathy Ophel-Keller,1 Maylene Loo,2 and Robert J. Hughes3

SARDI, Plant and Soil Health, Plant Research Centre, Urrbrae, South Australia 5064, Australia,1 SARDI, Aquatic Sciences Centre, West Beach, South Australia 5024, Australia,2 SARDI, Pig and Poultry Production Institute, Roseworthy Campus, Roseworthy, South Australia 5371, Australia3

Received 22 June 2007/ Accepted 18 November 2007

A high-throughput microbial profiling tool based on terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism was developed to monitor the poultry gut microbiota in response to dietary manipulations. Gut microbial communities from the duodena, jejuna, ilea, and ceca of 48 birds fed either a barley control diet or barley diet supplemented with exogenous enzymes for degrading nonstarch polysaccharide were characterized by using multivariate statistical methods. Analysis of samples showed that gut microbial communities varied significantly among gut sections, except between the duodenum and jejunum. Significant diet-associated differences in gut microbial communities were detected within the ileum and cecum only. The dissimilarity in bacterial community composition between diets was 73 and 66% within the ileum and cecum, respectively. Operational taxonomic units, representing bacterial species or taxonomically related groups, contributing to diet-associated differences were identified. Several bacterial species contributed to differences between diet-related gut microbial community composition, with no individual bacterial species contributing more than 1 to 5% of the total. Using canonical analysis of principal coordinates biplots, we correlated differences in gut microbial community composition within the ileum and cecum to improved performance, as measured by apparent metabolizable energy. This is the first report that directly links differences in the composition of the gut microbial community with improved performance, which implies that the presence of specific beneficial and/or absence of specific detrimental bacterial species may contribute to the improved performance in these birds.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: SARDI, Plant and Soil Health, GPO Box 397, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia. Phone: 61-8-8303-9688. Fax: 61-8-8303-9393. E-mail: torok.valeria{at}saugov.sa.gov.au

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 7 December 2007.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, February 2008, p. 783-791, Vol. 74, No. 3
0099-2240/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.01384-07
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Torok, V. A., Hughes, R. J., Ophel-Keller, K., Ali, M., MacAlpine, R. (2009). Influence of different litter materials on cecal microbiota colonization in broiler chickens. Poult. Sci. 88: 2474-2481 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Geier, M. S., Torok, V. A., Allison, G. E., Ophel-Keller, K., Gibson, R. A., Munday, C., Hughes, R. J. (2009). Dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid does not influence the intestinal microbial communities of broiler chickens. Poult. Sci. 88: 2399-2405 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


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