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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, February 2008, p. 894-900, Vol. 74, No. 3
0099-2240/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.01529-07
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Low Temperature Decreases the Phylogenetic Diversity of Ammonia-Oxidizing Archaea and Bacteria in Aquarium Biofiltration Systems{triangledown} ,{dagger}

Hidetoshi Urakawa,1* Yoshiyuki Tajima,2 Yoshiyuki Numata,3 and Satoshi Tsuneda2

Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, 1-15-1 Minamidai, Nakano, Tokyo 164-8639, Japan,1 Department of Chemical Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Ohkubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan,2 Aqua World Ibaraki Prefectural Oarai Aquarium, 8252-3 Isohara, Oarai, Higashiibaraki, Ibaraki 311-1301, Japan3

Received 6 July 2007/ Accepted 25 November 2007

The phylogenetic diversity and species richness of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and bacteria (AOB) were examined with aquarium biofiltration systems. Species richness, deduced from rarefaction analysis, and diversity indices indicated that the phylogenetic diversity and species richness of AOA are greater than those of AOB; the diversity of AOA and of AOB is minimized in cold-water aquaria. This finding implies that temperature is a key factor influencing the population structure and diversity of AOA and AOB in aquarium biofiltration systems.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, 1-15-1 Minamidai, Nakano, Tokyo 164-8639, Japan. Phone and fax: 81-3-5351-6854. E-mail: urakawa{at}ori.u-tokyo.ac.jp

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 7 December 2007.

{dagger} Supplemental material for this article may be found at http://aem.asm.org/.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, February 2008, p. 894-900, Vol. 74, No. 3
0099-2240/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.01529-07
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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