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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, June 2009, p. 3972-3979, Vol. 75, No. 12
0099-2240/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.02701-08
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Toward Cloning of the Magnetotactic Metagenome: Identification of Magnetosome Island Gene Clusters in Uncultivated Magnetotactic Bacteria from Different Aquatic Sediments{triangledown}

Christian Jogler,1 Wei Lin,2 Anke Meyerdierks,3 Michael Kube,4 Emanuel Katzmann,1 Christine Flies,3 Yongxin Pan,2 Rudolf Amann,3 Richard Reinhardt,4 and Dirk Schüler1*

LMU Department Biology I, Microbiology, Großharderner-Str. 2, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany,1 Biogeomagnetism Group, Paleomagnetism and Geochronology Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China,2 Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstr. 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany,3 Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestr. 73, 14195 Berlin, Germany4

Received 25 November 2008/ Accepted 29 March 2009

In this report, we describe the selective cloning of large DNA fragments from magnetotactic metagenomes from various aquatic habitats. This was achieved by a two-step magnetic enrichment which allowed the mass collection of environmental magnetotactic bacteria (MTB) virtually free of nonmagnetic contaminants. Four fosmid libraries were constructed and screened by end sequencing and hybridization analysis using heterologous magnetosome gene probes. A total of 14 fosmids were fully sequenced. We identified and characterized two fosmids, most likely originating from two different alphaproteobacterial strains of MTB that contain several putative operons with homology to the magnetosome island (MAI) of cultivated MTB. This is the first evidence that uncultivated MTB exhibit similar yet differing organizations of the MAI, which may account for the diversity in biomineralization and magnetotaxis observed in MTB from various environments.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: LMU Department Biology I, Microbiology, Großharderner-Str. 2, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany. Phone: 49 (0)89-2180-74502. Fax: 49 (0)89-2180-74515. E-mail: dschuele{at}mpi-bremen.de

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 24 April 2009.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, June 2009, p. 3972-3979, Vol. 75, No. 12
0099-2240/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.02701-08
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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