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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, July 2009, p. 4452-4458, Vol. 75, No. 13
0099-2240/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.02329-08
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Aerobic Mineralization of Hexachlorobenzene by Newly Isolated Pentachloronitrobenzene-Degrading Nocardioides sp. Strain PD653 {triangledown}

Kazuhiro Takagi,1* Akio Iwasaki,2 Ichiro Kamei,1 Koji Satsuma,3 Yuichi Yoshioka,4 and Naoki Harada5

Organochemicals Division, National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, 3-1-3 Kannondai, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8604,1 Kowa Research Institute, Kowa Co., Ltd., 1-25-5 Kannondai, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-0856,2 Chemistry Division, The Institute of Environmental Toxicology, 4321 Uchimoriya-machi, Joso-shi, Ibaraki 303-0043,3 Research and Development Section, Environment Department, Toyo Denka Kogyo Co., Ltd., 2-2-25 Hagi-machi, Kochi-shi, Kochi 780-8525,4 Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi 2-nocho, Nishi-Ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan5

Received 10 October 2008/ Accepted 30 April 2009

A novel aerobic pentachloronitrobenzene-degrading bacterium, Nocardioides sp. strain PD653, was isolated from an enrichment culture in a soil-charcoal perfusion system. The bacterium also degraded hexachlorobenzene, a highly recalcitrant environmental pollutant, accompanying the generation of chloride ions. Liberation of 14CO2 from [U-ring-14C]hexachlorobenzene was detected in a culture of the bacterium and indicates that strain PD653 is able to mineralize hexachlorobenzene under aerobic conditions. The metabolic pathway of hexachlorobenzene is initiated by oxidative dechlorination to produce pentachlorophenol. As further intermediate metabolites, tetrachlorohydroquinone and 2,6-dichlorohydroquinone have been detected. Strain PD653 is the first naturally occurring aerobic bacteria capable of mineralizing hexachlorobenzene.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Organochemicals Division, National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, 3-1-3 Kannondai, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8604, Japan. Phone: 81-029-838-8325. Fax: 81-029-838-8199. E-mail: ktakagi{at}niaes.affrc.go.jp

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 8 May 2009.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, July 2009, p. 4452-4458, Vol. 75, No. 13
0099-2240/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.02329-08
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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