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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, July 2009, p. 4473-4482, Vol. 75, No. 13
0099-2240/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.02653-08
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Transcriptomic Response of Lactococcus lactis in Mixed Culture with Staphylococcus aureus ^,

Sébastien Nouaille,^1,2,3* Sergine Even,^4,5 Cathy Charlier,^4,5 Yves Le Loir,^4,5 Muriel Cocaign-Bousquet,^1,2,3 and Pascal Loubière^1,2,3

Université de Toulouse, INSA, UPS, INP, LISBP, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse, France,¹ INRA, UMR792 Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés, F-31400 Toulouse, France,² CNRS, UMR5504, F-31400 Toulouse, France,³ INRA, UMR1253 STLO, 85 Rue de Saint Brieuc, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France,⁴ Agrocampus Ouest, UMR1253 STLO, 85 Rue de Saint Brieuc, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France⁵

Received 19 November 2008/ Accepted 26 April 2009

The mechanisms of interaction between Lactococcus lactis and the food pathogen Staphylococcus aureus are of crucial importance, as one major role of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in fermented foods is to inhibit undesirable and pathogenic flora. It was never questioned if the presence of a pathogen can actively modify the gene expression patterns of LAB in a shared environment. In this study, transcriptome and biochemical analyses were combined to assess the dynamic response of L. lactis in a mixed culture with S. aureus. The presence of S. aureus hardly affected the growth of L. lactis but dramatically modified its gene expression profile. The main effect was related to earlier carbon limitation and a concomitantly lower growth rate in the mixed culture due to the consumption of glucose by both species. More specific responses involved diverse cellular functions. Genes associated with amino acid metabolism, ion transport, oxygen response, menaquinone metabolism, and cell surface and phage expression were differentially expressed in the mixed culture. This study led to new insights into possible mechanisms of interaction between L. lactis and S. aureus. Moreover, new and unexpected effects of L. lactis on the virulence of S. aureus were discovered, as described elsewhere (S. Even, C. Charlier, S. Nouaille, N. L. Ben Zakour, M. Cretenet, F. J. Cousin, M. Gautier, M. Cocaign-Bousquet, P. Loubière, and Y. Le Loir, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 75:4459-4472, 2009).

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* Corresponding author. Mailing address: INSA-LISBP, 135 avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France. Phone: 33 (0) 5 61 55 94 38. Fax: 33 (0) 5 61 55 94 00. E-mail: sebastien.nouaille{at}insa-toulouse.fr

Published ahead of print on 8 May 2009.

Supplemental material for this article may be found at http://aem.asm.org/.

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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, July 2009, p. 4473-4482, Vol. 75, No. 13
0099-2240/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.02653-08
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

This article has been cited by other articles:

• Even, S., Charlier, C., Nouaille, S., Ben Zakour, N. L., Cretenet, M., Cousin, F. J., Gautier, M., Cocaign-Bousquet, M., Loubiere, P., Le Loir, Y. (2009). Staphylococcus aureus Virulence Expression Is Impaired by Lactococcus lactis in Mixed Cultures. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 75: 4459-4472 [Abstract] [Full Text]