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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, July 2009, p. 4498-4505, Vol. 75, No. 13
0099-2240/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.02868-08
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Behavior of the Meat-Borne Bacterium Lactobacillus sakei during Its Transit through the Gastrointestinal Tracts of Axenic and Conventional Mice {triangledown} ,{dagger}

Fabrizio Chiaramonte,1,2 Sébastien Blugeon,2 Stéphane Chaillou,1 Philippe Langella,2 and Monique Zagorec1*

Unité Flore Lactique et Environnement Carné, UR309,1 Unité Ecologie et Physiologie du Système Digestif, UR902, INRA, Domaine de Vilvert, F78350 Jouy en Josas, France2

Received 17 December 2008/ Accepted 6 May 2009

A Lactobacillus sakei strain named FLEC01 was isolated from human feces and characterized genotypically. Comparison of the genetic features of this strain with those of both the meat-borne L. sakei strain 23K and another human isolate, LTH5590, showed that they belong to different but closely related clusters. The three L. sakei strains did not persist and only transited through the gastrointestinal tracts (GITs) of conventional C3H/HeN mice. In contrast, they all colonized the GITs of axenic mice and rapidly reached a population of 109 CFU/g of feces, which remained stable until day 51. Five days after mice were fed, a first subpopulation, characterized by small colonies, appeared and reached 50% of the total L. sakei population in mice. Fifteen to 21 days after feeding, a second subpopulation, characterized by rough colonies, appeared. It coexisted with the two other populations until day 51, and its cell shapes were also affected, suggesting a dysfunction of the cell division or cell wall. No clear difference between the behaviors of the meat-borne strain and the two human isolates in both conventional and axenic mice was observed, suggesting that L. sakei is a food-borne bacterium rather than a commensal one and that its presence in human feces originates from diet. Previous observations of Escherichia coli strains suggest that the mouse GIT environment could induce mutations to increase their survival and colonization capacities. Here, we observed similar mutations concerning a food-grade gram-positive bacterium for the first time.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Unité Flore Lactique et Environnement Carné, UR309, INRA, Domaine de Vilvert, F78350 Jouy en Josas, France. Phone: 33 (0)1 34-65-22-89. Fax: 33 (0)1 34-65-21-05. E-mail: monique.zagorec{at}jouy.inra.fr

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 15 May 2009.

{dagger} Supplemental material for this article may be found at http://aem.asm.org/.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, July 2009, p. 4498-4505, Vol. 75, No. 13
0099-2240/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.02868-08
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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