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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, July 2009, p. 4516-4524, Vol. 75, No. 13
0099-2240/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.00102-09
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

"Dehalococcoides" sp. Strain CBDB1 Extensively Dechlorinates the Commercial Polychlorinated Biphenyl Mixture Aroclor 1260{triangledown} ,{dagger}

Lorenz Adrian,1 Vlasta Dudková,2 Katarina Demnerová,2 and Donna L. Bedard3*

Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, 04318 Leipzig, Germany,1 Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague, Czech Republic,2 Department of Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 121803

Received 15 January 2009/ Accepted 29 April 2009

"Dehalococcoides" sp. strain CBDB1 in pure culture dechlorinates a wide range of PCB congeners with three to eight chlorine substituents. Congener-specific high-resolution gas chromatography revealed that CBDB1 extensively dechlorinated both Aroclor 1248 and Aroclor 1260 after four months of incubation. For example, 16 congeners comprising 67.3% of the total PCBs in Aroclor 1260 were decreased by 64%. We confirmed the dechlorination of 43 different PCB congeners. The most prominent dechlorination products were 2,3',5-chlorinated biphenyl (25-3-CB) and 24-3-CB from Aroclor 1248 and 235-25-CB, 25-25-CB, 24-25-CB, and 235-236-CB from Aroclor 1260. Strain CBDB1 removed flanked para chlorines from 3,4-, 2,4,5-, and 3,4,5-chlorophenyl rings, primarily para chlorines from 2,3,4,5-chlorophenyl rings, primarily meta chlorines from 2,3,4- and 2,3,4,6-chlorophenyl rings, and either meta or para chlorines from 2,3,4,5,6-chlorophenyl rings. The site of attack on the 2,3,4-chorophenyl ring was heavily influenced by the chlorine configuration on the opposite ring. This dechlorination pattern matches PCB Process H dechlorination, which was previously observed in situ both in the Acushnet Estuary (New Bedford, MA) and in parts of the Hudson River (New York). Accordingly, we propose that Dehalococcoides bacteria similar to CBDB1 are potential agents of Process H PCB dechlorination in the environment. This is the first time that a complex naturally occurring PCB dechlorination pattern has been reproduced in the laboratory using a single bacterial strain.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Department of Biology, SC 1W14, 110 8th St., Troy, NY 12180. E-mail: bedard{at}rpi.edu

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 8 May 2009.

{dagger} Supplemental material for this article may be found at http://aem.asm.org/.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, July 2009, p. 4516-4524, Vol. 75, No. 13
0099-2240/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.00102-09
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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