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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, September 2009, p. 5581-5585, Vol. 75, No. 17
0099-2240/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.00557-09
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Adsorption of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis to Soil Particles {triangledown}

Navneet K. Dhand,* Jenny-Ann L. M. L. Toribio, and Richard J. Whittington

Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, 425 Werombi Road, Camden, New South Wales 2570, Australia

Received 9 March 2009/ Accepted 20 June 2009

Attachment of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis to soil particles could increase their availability to farm animals, as well as influence the transportation of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis to water sources. To investigate the possibility of such attachment, we passed a known quantity of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis through chromatography columns packed with clay soil, sandy soil, pure silica, clay-silica mixture, or clay-silica complexes and measured the organisms recovered in the eluent using culture or quantitative PCR. Experiments were repeated using buffer at a range of pH levels with pure silica to investigate the effect of pH on M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis attachment. Linear mixed-model analyses were conducted to compare the proportional recovery of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis in the eluent between different substrates and pH levels. Of the organisms added to the columns, 83 to 100% were estimated to be retained in the columns after adjustment for those retained in empty control columns. The proportions recovered were significantly different across different substrates, with the retention being significantly greater (P < 0.05) in pure substrates (silica and clay-silica complexes) than in soil substrates (clay soil and sandy soil). However, there were no significant differences in the retention of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis between silica and clay-silica complexes or between clay soil and sandy soil. The proportion retained decreased with increasing pH in one of the experiments, indicating greater adsorption of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis to soil particles at an acidic pH (P < 0.05). The results suggest that under experimental conditions M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis adsorbs to a range of soil particles, and this attachment is influenced by soil pH.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, 425 Werombi Road, Camden, New South Wales 2570, Australia. Phone: 61-2-9351-1669. Fax: 61-2-9351-1618. E-mail: ndhand{at}usyd.edu.au

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 26 June 2009.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, September 2009, p. 5581-5585, Vol. 75, No. 17
0099-2240/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.00557-09
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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