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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, September 2009, p. 5910-5918, Vol. 75, No. 18
0099-2240/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.00767-09
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Isolation and Characterization of "Dehalococcoides" sp. Strain MB, Which Dechlorinates Tetrachloroethene to trans-1,2-Dichloroethene{triangledown} ,{dagger}

Dan Cheng and Jianzhong He*

Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Republic of Singapore

Received 5 April 2009/ Accepted 18 July 2009

In an attempt to understand the microorganisms involved in the generation of trans-1,2-dichloroethene (trans-DCE), pure-culture "Dehalococcoides" sp. strain MB was isolated from environmental sediments. In contrast to currently known tetrachloroethene (PCE)- or trichloroethene (TCE)-dechlorinating pure cultures, which generate cis-DCE as the predominant product, Dehalococcoides sp. strain MB reductively dechlorinates PCE to trans-DCE and cis-DCE at a ratio of 7.3 (±0.4):1. It utilizes H2 as the sole electron donor and PCE or TCE as the electron acceptor during anaerobic respiration. Strain MB is a disc-shaped, nonmotile bacterium. Under an atomic force microscope, the cells appear singly or in pairs and are 1.0 µm in diameter and ~150 nm in depth. The purity was confirmed by culture-based approaches and 16S rRNA gene-based analysis and was corroborated further by putative reductive dehalogenase (RDase) gene-based, quantitative real-time PCR. Although strain MB shares 100% 16S rRNA gene sequence identity with Dehalococcoides ethenogenes strain 195, these two strains possess different dechlorinating pathways. Microarray analysis revealed that 10 putative RDase genes present in strain 195 were also detected in strain MB. Successful cultivation of strain MB indicates that the biotic process could contribute significantly to the generation of trans-DCE in chloroethene-contaminated sites. It also enhances our understanding of the evolution of this unusual microbial group, Dehalococcoides species.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Block E2-02-13, 1 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore 117576, Republic of Singapore. Phone: (65) 6516-3385. Fax: (65) 6774-4202. E-mail: jianzhong.he{at}nus.edu.sg

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 24 July 2009.

{dagger} Supplemental material for this article may be found at http://aem.asm.org/.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, September 2009, p. 5910-5918, Vol. 75, No. 18
0099-2240/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.00767-09
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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