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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, October 2009, p. 6038-6046, Vol. 75, No. 19
0099-2240/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.01039-09
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Novel Clonal Complexes with an Unknown Animal Reservoir Dominate Campylobacter jejuni Isolates from River Water in New Zealand{triangledown}

P. E. Carter,1* S. M. McTavish,1,{dagger} H. J. L. Brooks,2 D. Campbell,3 J. M. Collins-Emerson,4 A. C. Midwinter,4 and N. P. French4

ESR Ltd., Kenepuru Science Centre, Porirua, New Zealand,1 Otago School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand,2 New Zealand Food Safety Authority, Wellington, New Zealand,3 Hopkirk Research Institute, Institute of Veterinary, Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand4

Received 6 May 2009/ Accepted 23 July 2009

Campylobacter jejuni is widely distributed in the environment, and river water has been shown to carry high levels of the organism. In this study, 244 C. jejuni isolates from three river catchment areas in New Zealand were characterized using multilocus sequence typing. Forty-nine of the 88 sequence types identified were new. The most common sequence types identified were ST-2381 (30 isolates), ST-45 (25 isolates), and ST-1225 (23 isolates). The majority of the sequence types identified in the river water could be attributed to wild bird fecal contamination. Two novel clonal complexes (CC) were identified, namely, CC ST-2381 (11 sequence types, 46 isolates) and CC ST-3640 (6 sequence types, 12 isolates), in which all of the sequence types were new. CC ST-2381 was the largest complex identified among the isolates and was present in two of the three rivers. None of the sequence types associated with the novel complexes has been identified among human isolates. The ST-2381 complex is not related to complexes associated with cattle, sheep, or poultry. The source of the novel complexes has yet to be identified.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: ESR Ltd., 34 Kenepuru Drive, P.O. Box 50 348, Porirua, New Zealand. Phone: 64 4 914 0789. Fax: 64 4 914 0770. E-mail: Philip.Carter{at}esr.cri.nz

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 31 July 2009.

{dagger} Present address: Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, October 2009, p. 6038-6046, Vol. 75, No. 19
0099-2240/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.01039-09
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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