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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, October 2009, p. 6373-6381, Vol. 75, No. 19
0099-2240/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.00607-09
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Community Structure and Dynamics of Small Eukaryotes Targeted by New Oligonucleotide Probes: New Insight into the Lacustrine Microbial Food Web{triangledown}

Jean-François Mangot,1 Cécile Lepère,4,5 Christophe Bouvier,1 Didier Debroas,2 and Isabelle Domaizon1,3*

Université de Savoie, UMR 42 CARRTEL, F-73376 Le Bourget du Lac,1 Université Blaise Pascal, UMR 6023 LGME, F-63177 Aubière,2 INRA, UMR 42 CARRTEL, F-74200 Thonon les Bains,3 UPMC (Paris 06), UMR CNRS 7144, Station Biologique, Roscoff, France,5 Department of Biological Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom4

Received 13 March 2009/ Accepted 28 July 2009

The seasonal dynamics of the small eukaryotic fraction (cell diameter, 0.2 to 5 µm) was investigated in a mesotrophic lake by tyramide signal amplification-fluorescence in situ hybridization targeting seven different phylogenetic groups: Chlorophyceae, Chrysophyceae, Cryptophyceae, Cercozoa, LKM11, Perkinsozoa (two clades), and Fungi. The abundance of small eukaryotes ranged from 1,692 to 10,782 cells ml–1. The dominant groups were the Chrysophyceae and the Chlorophyceae, which represented 19.6% and 17.9% of small eukaryotes, respectively. The results also confirmed the quantitative importance of putative parasites, Fungi and Perkinsozoa, in the small heterotrophic eukaryotic assemblage. The relative abundances recorded for the Perkinsozoa group reached as much as 31.6% of total targeted eukaryotes during the summer. The dynamics of Perkinsozoa clade 1 coincided with abundance variations in Peridinium and Ceratium spp. (Dinoflagellates), while the dynamics of Perkinsozoa clade 2 was linked to the presence of Dinobryon spp. (Chrysophyceae). Fungi, represented by chytrids, reached maximal abundance in December (569 cells ml–1) and were mainly correlated with the dynamics of diatoms, especially Melosira varians. A further new finding of this study is the recurrent presence of Cercozoa (6.2%) and LKM11 (4.5%) cells. This quantitative approach based on newly designed probes offers a promising means of in-depth analysis of microbial food webs in lakes, especially by revealing the phylogenetic composition of the small heterotrophic flagellate assemblage, for which an important fraction of cells are generally unidentified by classical microscopy (on average, 96.8% of the small heterotrophic flagellates were identified by the specific probes we used in this study).

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Université de Savoie, UMR 42 CARRTEL, F73376 Le Bourget du Lac, France. Phone: 33 (0) 479758861. Fax: 33 (0) 479758880. E-mail: isabelle.domaizon{at}univ-savoie.fr

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 7 August 2009.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, October 2009, p. 6373-6381, Vol. 75, No. 19
0099-2240/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.00607-09
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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