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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, March 2009, p. 1324-1330, Vol. 75, No. 5
0099-2240/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.02485-08
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

DNA Sequencing and Homologous Expression of a Small Peptide Conferring Immunity to Gassericin A, a Circular Bacteriocin Produced by Lactobacillus gasseri LA39{triangledown}

Yasushi Kawai,1* Joni Kusnadi,2 Rober Kemperman,3 Jan Kok,3 Yoshiyuki Ito,4 Mikiko Endo,1 Kensuke Arakawa,1 Hideaki Uchida,4 Junko Nishimura,1 Haruki Kitazawa,1 and Tadao Saito1

Laboratory of Animal Products Chemistry, Biological Resource Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan,1 Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java, Indonesia,2 Department of Molecular Genetics, Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Haren, The Netherlands,3 Food Science Institute, Division of Research and Development, Meiji Dairies Co. Ltd., Odawara, Japan4

Received 30 October 2008/ Accepted 18 December 2008

Gassericin A, produced by Lactobacillus gasseri LA39, is a hydrophobic circular bacteriocin. The DNA region surrounding the gassericin A structural gene, gaaA, was sequenced, and seven open reading frames (ORFs) of 3.5 kbp (gaaBCADITE) were found with possible functions in gassericin A production, secretion, and immunity. The deduced products of the five consecutive ORFs gaaADITE have homology to those of genes involved in butyrivibriocin AR10 production, although the genetic arrangements are different in the two circular bacteriocin genes. GaaI is a small, positively charged hydrophobic peptide of 53 amino acids containing a putative transmembrane segment. Heterologous expression and homologous expression of GaaI in Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris MG1363 and L. gasseri JCM1131T, respectively, were studied. GaaI-expressing strains exhibited at least sevenfold-higher resistance to gassericin A than corresponding control strains, indicating that gaaI encodes an immunity peptide for gassericin A. Comparison of GaaI to peptides with similar characteristics found in the circular bacteriocin gene loci is discussed.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Laboratory of Animal Products Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Tsutsumidori-Amamiyamachi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 981-8555, Japan. Phone: 81 (22) 717-8713. Fax: 81 (22) 717-8715. E-mail: ykawai{at}bios.tohoku.ac.jp

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 29 December 2008.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, March 2009, p. 1324-1330, Vol. 75, No. 5
0099-2240/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/AEM.02485-08
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Ito, Y., Kawai, Y., Arakawa, K., Honme, Y., Sasaki, T., Saito, T. (2009). Conjugative Plasmid from Lactobacillus gasseri LA39 That Carries Genes for Production of and Immunity to the Circular Bacteriocin Gassericin A. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 75: 6340-6351 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


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