Files in this Data Supplement:

• Supplemental file 1 - Acidic ferric hydroxide depositional environments in representative geothermal springs of Yellowstone National Park (Fig. S1); transmission electron micrographs of Metallosphaera sp. strain MK1 cultured in pyrite medium showing irregular coccoid cells in close association with pyrite particles and plasma membrane and S layer typical of members of the order Sulfolobales (Fig. S2); aqueous geochemistry of acidic geothermal sites in Yellowstone National Park containing Metallosphaera-like 16S rRNA gene sequences (Table S1); accession numbers, spring locations, and number of clones associated with each accession number (Table S2).
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