Files in this Data Supplement:

• Supplemental file 1 - Detailed description of the sampling site and sampling procedure, measurement of several chemical parameters of the mine water, the procedure of DNA preparation from solid and water samples, which had been adapted on the characteristics of the samples, PCR amplification and cloning, and further analysis of the clones by amplified rRNA gene restriction analysis, sequencing, and statistical calculations.
  Zipped MS Word document, 16K.
• Supplemental file 2 - Scheme of the pilot plant for biological ferrous iron oxidation (Fig. S1).
  Zipped MS Word document, 99K.
• Supplemental file 3 - Phylogenetic tree of the 16S rRNA gene sequences from the pilot plant affiliating with the Alphaproteobacteria, including the relative abundances of the detected operational taxonomic units (OTUs) (Fig. S2).
  Zipped MS Word document, 192K.
• Supplemental file 4 - Phylogenetic tree of the 16S rRNA gene sequences from the pilot plant affiliating with the Firmicutes, including the relative abundances of the detected OTUs (Fig. S3).
  Zipped MS Word document, 86K.
• Supplemental file 5 - Statistical calculations, including the estimated sample coverage, the abundance-based coverage estimator, and the Shannon index (Table S1); statistical calculations for the comparison of clone libraries, including the Jaccard and Sørensen indices (Table S2).
  MS Word document, 40K.