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Appl Environ Microbiol. 1993 March; 59(3): 701-705
Copyright © 1993, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Transformation of 3- and 4-Picoline under Sulfate-Reducing Conditions

J.-P. Kaiser1, R. D. Minard2 and J.-M. Bollag1,*

1 Laboratory of Soil Biochemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
2 Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802

ABSTRACT

A microbial population which transformed 3- and 4-picoline under sulfate-reducing conditions was isolated from a subsurface soil which had been previously exposed to different N-substituted aromatic compounds for several years. In the presence of sulfate, the microbial culture transformed 3- and 4-picoline (0.4 mM) within 30 days. From the amounts of ammonia released and of sulfide that were determined during the transformation of 3-picoline, it can be concluded that the parent compound was mineralized to carbon dioxide and ammonia. During the transformation of 4-picoline, a UV-absorbing intermediate accumulated in the culture medium. This metabolite was identified as 2-hydroxy-4-picoline by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance analysis, and its further transformation was detected only after an additional month of incubation. The small amount of sulfide produced during the oxidation of 4-picoline and the generation of the hydroxylated metabolite indicated that the initial step in the metabolic pathway of 4-picoline was a monohydroxylation at position 2 of the heterocyclic aromatic ring. The 3- and 4-picoline-degrading cultures could also transform benzoic acid; however, the other methylated pyridine derivatives, 2-picoline, dimethyl-pyridines, and trimethylpyridines, were not degraded.

FOOTNOTES

* Corresponding author.

Appl Environ Microbiol. 1993 March; 59(3): 701-705
Copyright © 1993, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Lee, J. J., Rhee, S.-K., Lee, S.-T. (2001). Degradation of 3-Methylpyridine and 3-Ethylpyridine by Gordonia nitida LE31. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 67: 4342-4345 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


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