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Appl. Environ. Microbiol., Jul 1996, 2651-2656, Vol 62, No. 7
Copyright © 1996, American Society for Microbiology

Microbial Transformation of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene in Aerobic Soil Columns

D Bruns-Nagel, J Breitung, E von Low, K Steinbach, T Gorontzy, M Kahl, K Blotevogel and D Gemsa
Institute of Immunology and Environmental Hygiene, Philipps University Marburg, D-35039 Marburg, Department of Chemistry, Philipps University Marburg, D-35043 Marburg, and Department of Microbiology, Carl-von-Ossietzky University, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany

2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT)-contaminated soil material of a former TNT production plant was percolated aerobically in soil columns. Nineteen days of percolation with a potassium phosphate buffer supplemented with glucose or glucose plus ammonium sulfate caused an over 90% decline in the amount of extractable nitroaromatics in soils containing 70 to 2,100 mg of TNT per kg (dry weight). In the percolation solution, a complete elimination of TNT was achieved. Mutagenicity and soil toxicity were significantly reduced by the percolation process. 4-N-Acetylamino-2-amino-6-nitrotoluene was generated in soil and percolation fluid as a labile TNT metabolite.


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  • Thiele, S., Fernandes, E., Bollag, J.-M. (2002). Enzymatic Transformation and Binding of Labeled 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene to Humic Substances during an Anaerobic/Aerobic Incubation. J. Environ. Qual. 31: 437-444 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Esteve-Nunez, A., Caballero, A., Ramos, J. L. (2001). Biological Degradation of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 65: 335-352 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Hawari, J., Halasz, A., Beaudet, S., Paquet, L., Ampleman, G., Thiboutot, S. (1999). Biotransformation of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene with Phanerochaete chrysosporium in Agitated Cultures at pH 4.5. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 65: 2977-2986 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


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