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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, October 1998, p. 4015-4020, Vol. 64, No. 10
0099-2240/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

A New Operation for Producing Disease-Suppressive Compost from Grass Clippings

Kiyohiko Nakasaki,* Sachiko Hiraoka, and Hiroyuki Nagata

Department of Chemical Engineering, Shizuoka University, 3-5-1 Johoku, Hamamatsu 432-8561, Japan

Received 4 October 1996/Accepted 29 July 1998

This study evaluated the use of grass clippings discharged from golf courses as the raw material for production of a suppressive compost to control Rhizoctonia large-patch disease in mascarene grass. Bacillus subtilis N4, a mesophilic bacterium with suppressive effects on the pathogenic fungus Rhizoctonia solani AG2-2, was used as an inoculum in a procedure developed with the aim of controlling composting temperatures and inoculation timing. The population density of mesophilic bacteria in the raw material was reduced to around 5 log10 CFU/g (dry weight) of composting material in the self-heating reaction at the initial stage of composting by maintaining a temperature of 80°C for 1 day. The inoculum was applied immediately, and the composting material was maintained at 40°C for 3 days. This served both to highly concentrate the suppressive bacterium and to achieve sporulation. The temperature was then raised to 60°C and maintained, enabling hygienic, high-speed composting while maintaining the population density of the suppressive bacterium as high as 8 log10 CFU/g (dry weight) in the compost. The suppressiveness of compost made in this way was confirmed in a turf grass disease prevention assay.


* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Chemical Engineering, Shizuoka University, 3-5-1 Johoku, Hamamatsu 432-8561, Japan. Phone and fax: 81-53-478-1172. E-mail: tcknaka{at}eng.shizuoka.ac.jp.


Applied and Environmental Microbiology, October 1998, p. 4015-4020, Vol. 64, No. 10
0099-2240/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.