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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, December 1998, p. 4803-4808, Vol. 64, No. 12
0099-2240/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Two-Component Anti-Staphylococcus aureus Lantibiotic Activity Produced by Staphylococcus aureus C55

Maduwe A. D. B. Navaratna,1 Hans-Georg Sahl,2 and John R. Tagg1,*

Department of Microbiology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand,1 and Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Immunologie der Universität Bonn, D-53105 Bonn, Germany2

Received 10 April 1998/Accepted 11 September 1998

Staphylococcus aureus C55 was shown to produce bacteriocin activity comprising three distinct peptide components, termed staphylococcins C55alpha , C55beta , and C55gamma . The three peptides were purified to homogeneity by a simple four-step purification procedure that consisted of ammonium sulfate precipitation followed by XAD-2 and reversed-phase (C8 and C18) chromatography. The yield following C8 chromatography was about 86%, with a more-than-300-fold increase in specific activity. When combined in approximately equimolar amounts, staphylococcins C55alpha and C55beta acted synergistically to kill S. aureus or Micrococcus luteus but not S. epidermidis strains. The N-terminal amino acid sequences of all three peptides were obtained and staphylococcins C55alpha and C55beta were shown to be lanthionine-containing (lantibiotic) molecules with molecular weights of 3,339 and 2,993, respectively. The C55gamma peptide did not appear to be a lantibiotic, nor did it augment the inhibitory activities of staphylococcin C55alpha and/or C55beta . Plasmids of 2.5 and 32.0 kb are present in strain C55, and following growth of this strain at elevated temperature (42°C), a large proportion of the progeny failed to produce strong bacteriocin activity and also lost the 32.0-kb plasmid. Protoplast transformation of these bacteria with purified 32-kb plasmid DNA regenerates the ability to produce the strong bacteriocin activity.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology, University of Otago, P. O. Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand. Phone: 64 3 479 7714. Fax: 64 3 479 8540. E-mail: john.tagg{at}stonebow.otago.ac.nz.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, December 1998, p. 4803-4808, Vol. 64, No. 12
0099-2240/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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