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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, December 1998, p. 5004-5007, Vol. 64, No. 12
0099-2240/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Ink and Vinegar, a Simple Staining Technique for Arbuscular-Mycorrhizal Fungi

Horst Vierheilig,1,2,* Andrew P. Coughlan,1 Urs Wyss,2 and Yves Piché1

Centre de Recherche en Biologie Forestiére, Université Laval, Québec G1K 7P4, Canada,1 and Institut für Phytopathologie, Christian-Albrecht-Universität Kiel, D-24118 Kiel, Germany2

Received 17 June 1998/Accepted 6 October 1998

We developed a reliable, inexpensive, and simple method for staining arbuscular-mycorrhizal fungal colonizations in root tissues. Apart from applications in research, this nontoxic, high-quality staining method also could be of great utility in teaching exercises. After adequate clearing with KOH, an ink-vinegar solution successfully stained all fungal structures, rendering them clearly visible.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Centre de Recherche en Biologie Forestiére, Université Laval, Pavillon C.-E.-Marchand, Québec G1K 7P4, Canada. Phone: (418) 656-2131, ext. 8129. Fax: (418) 656-7493. E-mail: nonhorst{at}rsvs.ulaval.ca.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, December 1998, p. 5004-5007, Vol. 64, No. 12
0099-2240/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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