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Appl Environ Microbiol, February 1998, p. 439-445, Vol. 64, No. 2
0099-2240/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Lacticin 3147, a Broad-Spectrum Bacteriocin Which Selectively Dissipates the Membrane Potential

Olivia McAuliffe,1,2 Maire P. Ryan,3 R. Paul Ross,3 Colin Hill,2,* Pieter Breeuwer,1 and Tjakko Abee1

Department of Food Science, Wageningen Agricultural University, 6708HD Wageningen, The Netherlands,1 and Department of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork,2 and National Dairy Products Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy,3 County Cork, Republic of Ireland

Received 22 July 1997/Accepted 10 November 1997

Lacticin 3147 is a broad-spectrum bacteriocin produced by Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis DPC3147 (M. P. Ryan, M. C. Rea, C. Hill, and R. P. Ross, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 62:612-619, 1996). Partial purification of the bacteriocin by hydrophobic interaction chromatography and reverse-phase fast protein liquid chromatography revealed that two components are required for full activity. Lacticin 3147 is bactericidal against L. lactis, Listeria monocytogenes, and Bacillus subtilis; at low concentrations of the bacteriocin, bactericidal activity is enhanced when target cells are energized. This finding suggests that the presence of a proton motive force promotes the interaction of the bacteriocin with the cytoplasmic membrane, leading to the formation of pores at these low lacticin 3147 concentrations. These pores were shown to be selective for K+ ions and inorganic phosphate. The loss of these ions resulted in immediate dissipation of the membrane potential and hydrolysis of internal ATP, leading to an eventual collapse of the pH gradient at the membrane and ultimately to cell death. Our results suggest that lacticin 3147 is a pore-forming bacteriocin which acts on a broad range of gram-positive bacteria.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Republic of Ireland. Phone: 353-21-902397. Fax: 353-21-903101. E-mail: c.hill{at}ucc.ie.




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