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Appl Environ Microbiol, March 1998, p. 1052-1058, Vol. 64, No. 3
0099-2240/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Microbial Reductive Dechlorination of Aroclor 1260 in Anaerobic Slurries of Estuarine Sediments

Qingzhong Wu,1 Kevin R. Sowers,2 and Harold D. May1,*

Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina,1 and Center of Marine Biotechnology, University of Maryland Biotechnology Institute, Baltimore, Maryland2

Received 6 August 1997/Accepted 16 December 1997

Reductive dechlorination of Aroclor 1260 was investigated in anaerobic slurries of estuarine sediments from Baltimore Harbor (Baltimore, Md.). The sediment slurries were amended with 800 ppm Aroclor 1260 with and without the addition of 350 µM 2,3,4,5-tetrachlorobiphenyl (2,3,4,5-CB) or 2,3,5,6-tetrachlorobiphenyl (2,3,5,6-CB) and incubated in triplicate at 30°C under methanogenic conditions in an artificial estuarine medium. After 6 months, extensive meta dechlorination and moderate ortho dechlorination of Aroclor 1260 occurred in all incubated cultures except for sterilized controls. Overall, total chlorines per biphenyl decreased by up to 34%. meta chlorines per biphenyl decreased by 65, 55, and 45% and ortho chlorines declined by 18, 12, and 9%, respectively, when 2,3,4,5-CB, 2,3,5,6-CB, or no additional congener was supplied. This is the first confirmed report of microbial ortho dechlorination of a commercial polychlorinated biphenyl mixture. In addition, compared with incubated cultures supplied with Aroclor 1260 alone, the dechlorination of Aroclor 1260 plus 2,3,4,5-CB or 2,3,5,6-CB occurred with shorter lag times (31 to 60 days versus 90 days) and was more extensive, indicating that the addition of a single congener stimulated the dechlorination of Aroclor 1260.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, 171 Ashley Ave., Charleston, SC 29425-2230. Phone: (803) 792-7140. Fax: (803) 792-2464. E-mail: MAYH{at}MUSC.EDU.




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