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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, August 1998, p. 3084-3088, Vol. 64, No. 8
0099-2240/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Beauvericin Production by Fusarium Speciesdagger

A. Logrieco,1,* A. Moretti,1 G. Castella,2,Dagger M. Kostecki,2 P. Golinski,2 A. Ritieni,3 and J. Chelkowski4

Istituto Tossine e Micotossine da Parassiti Vegetali, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 70125 Bari,1 and Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti dell'Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, 80055 Portici, Naples,3 Italy, and Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, 60-625 Poznan,2 and Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 60-479 Poznan,4 Poland

Received 14 November 1997/Accepted 1 June 1998

Beauvericin is a cyclohexadepsipeptide mycotoxin which has insecticidal properties and which can induce apoptosis in mammalian cells. Beauvericin is produced by some entomo- and phytopathogenic Fusarium species (Fusarium proliferatum, F. semitectum, and F. subglutinans) and occurs naturally on corn and corn-based foods and feeds infected by Fusarium spp. We tested 94 Fusarium isolates belonging to 25 taxa, 21 in 6 of the 12 sections of the Fusarium genus and 4 that have been described recently, for the ability to produce beauvericin. Beauvericin was produced by the following species (with the number of toxigenic strains compared with the number of tested strains given in parentheses): Fusarium acuminatum var. acuminatum (1 of 4), Fusarium acuminatum var. armeniacum (1 of 3), F. anthophilum (1 of 2), F. avenaceum (1 of 6), F. beomiforme (1 of 1), F. dlamini (2 of 2), F. equiseti (2 of 3), F. longipes (1 of 2), F. nygamai (2 of 2), F. oxysporum (4 of 7), F. poae (4 of 4), F. sambucinum (12 of 14), and F. subglutinans (3 of 3). These results indicate that beauvericin is produced by many species in the genus Fusarium and that it may be a contaminant of cereals other than maize.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Istituto Tossine e Micotossine da parassiti vegetali, CNR, Viale Einaudi 51, 70125 Bari, Italy. Phone: 39-80-5491570. Fax: 39-80-5486063. E-mail: logrieco{at}area.ba.cnr.it.

dagger This work is dedicated to the memory of Professor P. E. Nelson.

Dagger Present address: Departamento Patologia Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Autonoma, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, August 1998, p. 3084-3088, Vol. 64, No. 8
0099-2240/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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