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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, August 1999, p. 3293-3297, Vol. 65, No. 8
0099-2240/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Abundance and Diversity of Archaea in Heavy-Metal-Contaminated Soils

Ruth-Anne Sandaa,* Øivind Enger, and Vigdis Torsvik

Department of Microbiology, University of Bergen, N-5020 Bergen, Norway

Received 15 January 1999/Accepted 7 May 1999

The impact of heavy-metal contamination on archaean communities was studied in soils amended with sewage sludge contaminated with heavy metals to varying extents. Fluorescent in situ hybridization showed a decrease in the percentage of Archaea from 1.3% ± 0.3% of 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole-stained cells in untreated soil to below the detection limit in soils amended with heavy metals. A comparison of the archaean communities of the different plots by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis revealed differences in the structure of the archaean communities in soils with increasing heavy-metal contamination. Analysis of cloned 16S ribosomal DNA showed close similarities to a unique and globally distributed lineage of the kingdom Crenarchaeota that is phylogenetically distinct from currently characterized crenarchaeotal species.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Dept. of Microbiology, University of Bergen, Jahnebakken 5, N-5020 Bergen, Norway. Phone: 47 55 584646. Fax: 47 55 589671. E-mail: Ruth.Sandaa{at}im.uib.no.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, August 1999, p. 3293-3297, Vol. 65, No. 8
0099-2240/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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