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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, September 1999, p. 3820-3827, Vol. 65, No. 9
0099-2240/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Marine Bacterial Isolates Display Diverse Responses to UV-B Radiation

Fabien Joux,1,2,* Wade H. Jeffrey,1 Philippe Lebaron,2 and David L. Mitchell3

Center for Environmental Diagnostics and Bioremediation, University of West Florida, Pensacola, Florida 325141; Observatoire Océanologique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS-UMR 7621), Institut National des Sciences de l'Univers et Université Paris VI, Banyuls-sur-Mer 66651, France2; and Department of Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, Texas 789573

Received 30 March 1999/Accepted 16 June 1999

The molecular and biological consequences of UV-B radiation were investigated by studying five species of marine bacteria and one enteric bacterium. Laboratory cultures were exposed to an artificial UV-B source and subjected to various post-UV irradiation treatments. Significant differences in survival subsequent to UV-B radiation were observed among the isolates, as measured by culturable counts. UV-B-induced DNA photodamage was investigated by using a highly specific radioimmunoassay to measure cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs). The CPDs determined following UV-B exposure were comparable for all of the organisms except Sphingomonas sp. strain RB2256, a facultatively oligotrophic ultramicrobacterium. This organism exhibited little DNA damage and a high level of UV-B resistance. Physiological conditioning by growth phase and starvation did not change the UV-B sensitivity of marine bacteria. The rates of photoreactivation following exposure to UV-B were investigated by using different light sources (UV-A and cool white light). The rates of photoreactivation were greatest during UV-A exposure, although diverse responses were observed. The differences in sensitivity to UV-B radiation between strains were reduced after photoreactivation. The survival and CPD data obtained for Vibrio natriegens when we used two UV-B exposure periods interrupted by a repair period (photoreactivation plus dark repair) suggested that photoadaptation could occur. Our results revealed that there are wide variations in marine bacteria in their responses to UV radiation and subsequent repair strategies, suggesting that UV-B radiation may affect the microbial community structure in surface water.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Observatoire Océanologique de Banyuls, CNRS-UMR 7621, INSU et Université Paris VI, BP 44, F-66651 Banyuls-sur-Mer Cedex, France. Phone: 33-(0)4-68-88-73-42. Fax: 33-(0)4-68-88-73-95. E-mail: joux{at}obs-banyuls.fr.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, September 1999, p. 3820-3827, Vol. 65, No. 9
0099-2240/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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