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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, September 1999, p. 4049-4056, Vol. 65, No. 9
0099-2240/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Fraction of Electrons Consumed in Electron Acceptor Reduction and Hydrogen Thresholds as Indicators of Halorespiratory Physiology

Frank E. Löffler,1,dagger James M. Tiedje,1 and Robert A. Sanford2,*

Center for Microbial Ecology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1325,1 and Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801-23522

Received 21 December 1998/Accepted 22 June 1999

Measurements of the hydrogen consumption threshold and the tracking of electrons transferred to the chlorinated electron acceptor (fe) reliably detected chlororespiratory physiology in both mixed cultures and pure cultures capable of using tetrachloroethene, cis-1,2-dichloroethene, vinyl chloride, 2-chlorophenol, 3-chlorobenzoate, 3-chloro-4-hydroxybenzoate, or 1,2-dichloropropane as an electron acceptor. Hydrogen was consumed to significantly lower threshold concentrations of less than 0.4 ppmv compared with the values obtained for the same cultures without a chlorinated compound as an electron acceptor. The fe values ranged from 0.63 to 0.7, values which are in good agreement with theoretical calculations based on the thermodynamics of reductive dechlorination as the terminal electron-accepting process. In contrast, a mixed methanogenic culture that cometabolized 3-chlorophenol exhibited a significantly lower fe value, 0.012.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois, 3230C Newmark Civil Engineering Laboratory, 205 North Mathews, Urbana, IL 61801-2352. Phone: (217) 244-7250. Fax: (217) 333-6968. E-mail: rsanford{at}uiuc.edu.

dagger Present address: School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0512.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, September 1999, p. 4049-4056, Vol. 65, No. 9
0099-2240/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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