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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, October 2001, p. 4908-4913, Vol. 67, No. 10
0099-2240/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/AEM.67.10.4908-4913.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Evidence for Detachment of Indigenous Bacteria from Aquifer Sediment in Response to Arrival of Injected Bacteria

W. P. Johnson,1,* P. Zhang,1 P. M. Gardner,1 M. E. Fuller,2 and M. F. DeFlaun2

Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112,1 and Envirogen, Inc., Lawrenceville, New Jersey 086482

Received 11 May 2001/Accepted 4 July 2001

Two bacterial strains isolated from the aquifer underlying Oyster, Va., were recently injected into the aquifer and monitored using ferrographic capture, a high-resolution immunomagnetic technique. Injected cells were enumerated on the basis of a vital fluorescence stain, whereas total cell numbers (stained target cells plus unstained target and antigenically similar indigenous bacteria) were identified by cell outlines emanating from fluorophore-conjugated antibodies to the two target strains. The arrival of injected bacteria at the majority of monitored sampling ports was accompanied by simultaneous temporary increases in unstained cell counts that outnumbered the injected bacteria by 2- to 100-fold. The origin and mechanism of appearance of the unstained cells are considered.


* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Geology and Geophysics, 135 South, 1460 East, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112. Phone: (801) 581-5033. Fax: (801) 581-7065. E-mail: wjohnson{at}mines.utah.edu.


Applied and Environmental Microbiology, October 2001, p. 4908-4913, Vol. 67, No. 10
0099-2240/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/AEM.67.10.4908-4913.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.



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