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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, July 2001, p. 2973-2981, Vol. 67, No. 7
Department of Plant Pathology, University of
Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602,1 and
Toxicology and Mycotoxin Research Unit, Russell Research
Center, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Athens, Georgia
306042
Received 14 November 2000/Accepted 8 April 2001
The preformed antimicrobial compounds produced by maize,
2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one and its desmethoxy derivative 2,4-dihydroxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one, are highly reactive benzoxazinoids that quickly degrade to the antimicrobials
6-methoxy-2-benzoxazolinone (MBOA) and 2-benzoxazolinone (BOA),
respectively. Fusarium verticillioides (= F.
moniliforme) is highly tolerant to MBOA and BOA and can actively transform these compounds to nontoxic metabolites. Eleven of
29 Fusarium species had some level of tolerance to MBOA
and BOA; the most tolerant, in decreasing order, were F.
verticillioides, F. subglutinans, F.
cerealis (= F. crookwellense), and F.
graminearum. The difference in tolerance among species was due
to their ability to detoxify the antimicrobials. The limited number of
species having tolerance suggested the potential utility of these
compounds as biologically active agents for inclusion within a
semiselective isolation medium. By replacing the
pentachloronitrobenzene in Nash-Snyder medium with 1.0 mg of BOA per
ml, we developed a medium that resulted in superior frequencies of
isolation of F. verticillioides from corn while
effectively suppressing competing fungi. Since the BOA medium provided
consistent, quantitative results with reduced in vitro and taxonomic
efforts, it should prove useful for surveys of F.
verticillioides infection in field samples.
0099-2240/01/$04.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/AEM.67.7.2973-2981.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Detoxification of Corn Antimicrobial Compounds as
the Basis for Isolating Fusarium verticillioides and
Some Other Fusarium Species from
Corn
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: USDA, ARS, P.O.
Box 5677, Russell Research Center, Athens, GA 30604-5677. Phone:
(706) 546-3142. Fax: (706) 546-3116. E-mail:
cbacon{at}saa.ars.usda.gov.
Applied and Environmental Microbiology, July 2001, p. 2973-2981, Vol. 67, No. 7
0099-2240/01/$04.00+0 DOI: 10.1128/AEM.67.7.2973-2981.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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