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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, July 2001, p. 3071-3076, Vol. 67, No. 7
0099-2240/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/AEM.67.7.3071-3076.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Effect of Fermented Feed on the Microbial Population of the Gastrointestinal Tracts of Pigs

René L. van Winsen,1,* Bert A. P. Urlings,2 Len J. A. Lipman,1 Jos M. A. Snijders,1 David Keuzenkamp,1 Jos H. M. Verheijden,3 and Frans van Knapen1

Department of the Science of Food of Animal Origin1 and Department of Farm Animal Health,3 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Utrecht, and Department of Food Science, ID-Lelystad, Lelystad,2 The Netherlands

Received 29 August 2000/Accepted 25 April 2001

An in vivo experiment was performed with pigs to study the inhibitory effect of fermented feed on the bacterial population of the gastrointestinal tract. Results demonstrated a significant positive correlation between pH and lactobacilli in the stomach contents of pigs in dry feed as well as in the stomach contents of pigs fed fermented feed. Furthermore, a significant positive correlation between the pH and the numbers of bacteria in the family Enterobacteriaceae in the contents of the stomach of pigs fed dry feed was found. In the stomach contents of pigs fed fermented feed, a significant negative correlation was found between the concentration of the undissociated form of lactic acid and the numbers of Enterobacteriaceae. The numbers of Enterobacteriaceae in the contents of the stomach, ileum, cecum, colon, and rectum of pigs fed fermented feed were significantly lower compared with the contents of the stomach, ileum, caecum, colon, and rectum of pigs fed dry feed. The numbers of total lactobacilli were significantly higher in the stomach contents of pigs fed fermented feed and in the ileum contents of one pig group fed fermented feed compared with the contents of pigs fed dry feed. However, the influence of lactobacilli on numbers of Enterobacteriaceae could not be demonstrated. It was concluded that fermented feed influences the bacterial ecology of the gastrointestinal tract and reduces the levels of Enterobacteriaceae in the different parts of the gastrointestinal tract.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: VVDO, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Utrecht, P.O. Box 80175, 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands. Phone: 31 30 2535367. Fax: 31 30 2532365. E-mail: R.L.vanWinsen{at}vvdo.vet.uu.nl.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, July 2001, p. 3071-3076, Vol. 67, No. 7
0099-2240/01/$04.00+0   DOI: 10.1128/AEM.67.7.3071-3076.2001
Copyright © 2001, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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