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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, July 2002, p. 3537-3544, Vol. 68, No. 7
0099-2240/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AEM.68.7.3537-3544.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Identification of the Enterococcus faecalis Tyrosine Decarboxylase Operon Involved in Tyramine Production

Nathalie Connil,1 Yoann Le Breton,2 Xavier Dousset,1 Yanick Auffray,2 Alain Rincé,2 and Hervé Prévost1*

Laboratoire de Microbiologie Alimentaire et Industrielle, ENITIAA, 44322 Nantes Cedex 03,1 Laboratoire de Microbiologie de l'Environnement, EA 956, USC INRA, IRBA, Université de Caen, 14032 Caen Cedex, France2

Received 27 November 2001/ Accepted 10 April 2002

Screening of a library of Enterococcus faecalis insertional mutants allowed isolation of a mutant affected in tyramine production. The growth of this mutant was similar to that of the wild-type E. faecalis JH2-2 strain in Maijala broth, whereas high-performance liquid chromatography analyses showed that tyramine production, which reached 1,000 µg ml-1 for the wild-type strain, was completely abolished. Genetic analysis of the insertion locus revealed a gene encoding a decarboxylase with similarity to eukaryotic tyrosine decarboxylases. Sequence analysis revealed a pyridoxal phosphate binding site, indicating that this enzyme belongs to the family of amino acid decarboxylases using this cofactor. Reverse transcription-PCR analyses demonstrated that the gene (tdc) encoding the putative tyrosine decarboxylase of E. faecalis JH2-2 is cotranscribed with the downstream gene encoding a putative tyrosine-tyramine antiporter and with the upstream tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase gene. This study is the first description of a tyrosine decarboxylase gene in prokaryotes.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: LMAI, ENITIAA, rue de la Géraudière, BP82225, 44322 Nantes Cedex 03, France. Phone: 33 2 51 78 55 24. Fax: 33 2 51 78 55 20. E-mail: prevost{at}enitiaa-nantes.fr.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, July 2002, p. 3537-3544, Vol. 68, No. 7
0099-2240/02/$04.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AEM.68.7.3537-3544.2002
Copyright © 2002, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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