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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, October 2004, p. 6230-6239, Vol. 70, No. 10
0099-2240/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AEM.70.10.6230-6239.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Spatiotemporal Distribution of Marine Magnetotactic Bacteria in a Seasonally Stratified Coastal Salt Pond{dagger}

S. L. Simmons,1,2 S. M. Sievert,3 R. B. Frankel,4 D. A. Bazylinski,5 and K. J. Edwards1,6*

Geomicrobiology Group,1 Department of Biology,3 Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution,6 MIT-WHOI Joint Program in Biological Oceanography, Woods Hole, Massachusetts,2 Department of Physics, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California,4 Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa5

Received 8 April 2004/ Accepted 15 June 2004

The occurrence and distribution of magnetotactic bacteria (MB) were studied as a function of the physical and chemical conditions in meromictic Salt Pond, Falmouth, Mass., throughout summer 2002. Three dominant MB morphotypes were observed to occur within the chemocline. Small microaerophilic magnetite-producing cocci were present at the top of the chemocline, while a greigite-producing packet-forming bacterium occurred at the base of the chemocline. The distributions of these groups displayed sharp changes in abundance over small length scales within the water column as well as strong seasonal fluctuations in population abundance. We identified a novel, greigite-producing rod in the sulfidic hypolimnion that was present in relatively constant abundance over the course of the season. This rod is the first MB that appears to belong to the {gamma}-Proteobacteria, which may suggest an iron- rather than sulfur-based respiratory metabolism. Its distribution and phylogenetic identity suggest that an alternative model for the ecological and physiological role of magnetotaxis is needed for greigite-producing MB.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, McLean Lab, MS#8, Woods Hole, MA 02543. Phone: (508) 289-3620. Fax: (508) 457-2183. E-mail: katrina{at}whoi.edu.

{dagger} This paper is WHOI contribution 11168.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, October 2004, p. 6230-6239, Vol. 70, No. 10
0099-2240/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AEM.70.10.6230-6239.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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