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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, July 2004, p. 4118-4128, Vol. 70, No. 7
0099-2240/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AEM.70.7.4118-4128.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Effects of Seeding Procedures and Water Quality on Recovery of Cryptosporidium Oocysts from Stream Water by Using U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Method 1623

Donna S. Francy,1* Otto D. Simmons III,2 Michael W. Ware,3 Emma J. Granger,1 Mark D. Sobsey,2 and Frank W. Schaefer III3

U.S. Geological Survey, Columbus, Ohio 43229,1 School of Public Health, University of North Carolina—Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7400,2 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 452683

Received 2 February 2004/ Accepted 31 March 2004

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency method 1623 is widely used to monitor source waters and drinking water supplies for Cryptosporidium oocysts. Matrix spikes, used to determine the effect of the environmental matrix on the method's recovery efficiency for the target organism, require the collection and analysis of two environmental samples, one for analysis of endemic oocysts and the other for analysis of recovery efficiency. A new product, ColorSeed, enables the analyst to determine recovery efficiency by using modified seeded oocysts that can be differentiated from endemic organisms in a single sample. Twenty-nine stream water samples and one untreated effluent sample from a cattle feedlot were collected in triplicate to compare modified seeding procedures to conventional seeding procedures that use viable, unmodified oocysts. Significant negative correlations were found between the average oocyst recovery and turbidity or suspended sediment; this was especially apparent in samples with turbidities greater than 100 nephelometric turbidity units and suspended sediment concentrations greater than 100 mg/liter. Cryptosporidium oocysts were found in 16.7% of the unseeded environmental samples, and concentrations, adjusted for recoveries, ranged from 4 to 80 oocysts per 10 liters. Determining recovery efficiency also provided data to calculate detection limits; these ranged from <2 to <215 oocysts per 10 liters. Recoveries of oocysts ranged from 2.0 to 61% for viable oocysts and from 3.0 to 59% for modified oocysts. The recoveries between the two seeding procedures were highly correlated (r = 0.802) and were not significantly different. Recoveries by using modified oocysts, therefore, were comparable to recoveries by using conventional seeding procedures.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Discipline, 6480 Doubletree Ave., Columbus, OH 43229. Phone: (614) 430-7769. Fax: (614) 430-7777. E-mail: dsfrancy{at}usgs.gov.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, July 2004, p. 4118-4128, Vol. 70, No. 7
0099-2240/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AEM.70.7.4118-4128.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

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