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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, September 2004, p. 5132-5137, Vol. 70, No. 9
0099-2240/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AEM.70.9.5132-5137.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Clonality and Diversity of the Fish Pathogen Lactococcus garvieae in Mediterranean Countries

Marina Eyngor,1 Amir Zlotkin,2 Claudio Ghittino,3 Marino Prearo,4 Diane-Gaëlle Douet,5 Stefan Chilmonczyk,6 and Avi Eldar1*

Department of Poultry and Fish Diseases, The Kimron Veterinary Institute, Bet Dagan,1 Infectious Diseases Unit, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel,2 Department of Fish Pathology, IZS-State Veterinary Institute, Perugia,3 Fish Diseases Laboratory, IZS-State Veterinary Institute, Turin, Italy,4 Groupement de Défense Sanitaire Aquacole d'Aquitaine, Mont de Marsan,5 Unité de Virologie et Immunologie Moleculaires, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Jouy en Josas, France6

Received 28 October 2003/ Accepted 5 April 2004

Infection with Lactococcus garvieae is considered the most important risk factor for the European trout industry, and the losses are approximately 50% of the total production. To improve our understanding of the genetic links among strains originating from different countries, we examined the population structure of L. garvieae by comparing 81 strains isolated from different sources and ecosystems (41 farms in six countries) in which the bacterium is commonly found. Genetic similarities (as assessed with molecular tools, including restriction fragment length polymorphism ribotyping with two endonucleases) were compared with serological data. The combined results reveal that in endemic sites the bacterial population displays a clonal structure, whereas bacterial diversity characterizes sites where the infection is sporadic.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Poultry and Fish Diseases, The Kimron Veterinary Institute, POB 12, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel. Phone: 972-3-9681760. Fax: 972-3-9681739. E-mail: eldar{at}agri.huji.ac.il.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, September 2004, p. 5132-5137, Vol. 70, No. 9
0099-2240/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AEM.70.9.5132-5137.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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