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Applied and Environmental Microbiology, September 2004, p. 5138-5144, Vol. 70, No. 9
0099-2240/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AEM.70.9.5138-5144.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Surveillance of Bulk Raw and Commercially Pasteurized Cows' Milk from Approved Irish Liquid-Milk Pasteurization Plants To Determine the Incidence of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis

Ciara E. O'Reilly,1* Lisa O'Connor,1 Wayne Anderson,1 Peter Harvey,1 Irene R. Grant,2 John Donaghy,3 Michael Rowe,2,3 and Pat O'Mahony1,{dagger}

Food Safety Authority of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland,1 Department of Food Science (Food Microbiology), Queen's University of Belfast,2 Agriculture, Food and Environmental Science Division (Food Microbiology Branch), Department of Agriculture and Rural Development for Northern Ireland, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom3

Received 26 January 2004/ Accepted 5 May 2004

Over the 13-month period from October 2000 to November 2001 (inclusive), the Food Safety Authority of Ireland (FSAI) carried out surveillance of Irish bulk raw (n = 389) and commercially pasteurized (n = 357) liquid-milk supplies to determine the incidence of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis. The pasteurization time-temperature conditions were recorded for all pasteurized samples. Overall, 56% of whole-milk pasteurized samples had been heat treated at or above a time-temperature combination of 75°C for 25 s. All analyses were undertaken at the Department of Food Science (Food Microbiology) laboratory at Queen's University Belfast. Each milk sample was subjected to two tests for M. paratuberculosis: immunomagnetic separation-PCR (IMS-PCR; to detect the presence of M. paratuberculosis cells, live or dead) and chemical decontamination and culture (to confirm the presence of viable M. paratuberculosis). Overall, M. paratuberculosis DNA was detected by IMS-PCR in 50 (12.9%; 95% confidence interval, 9.9 to 16.5%) raw-milk samples and 35 (9.8%; 95% confidence interval, 7.1 to 13.3%) pasteurized-milk samples. Confirmed M. paratuberculosis was cultured from one raw-milk sample and no pasteurized-milk samples. It is concluded that M. paratuberculosis DNA is occasionally present at low levels in both raw and commercially pasteurized cows' milk. However, since no viable M. paratuberculosis was isolated from commercially pasteurized cows' milk on retail sale in the Republic of Ireland, current pasteurization procedures are considered to be effective.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Food Safety Authority of Ireland, Abbey Court, Lower Abbey St., Dublin 1, Ireland. Phone: 353 1 8171300. Fax: 353 1 8171301. E-mail: info{at}fsai.ie.

{dagger} Present address: Irish Medicines Board, Dublin, Ireland.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, September 2004, p. 5138-5144, Vol. 70, No. 9
0099-2240/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AEM.70.9.5138-5144.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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