This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowReprints and Permissions
Right arrow Copyright Information
Right arrow Books from ASM Press
Right arrow MicrobeWorld
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Palmfeldt, J.
Right arrow Articles by van Niel, E. W. J.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Palmfeldt, J.
Right arrow Articles by van Niel, E. W. J.
Agricola
Right arrow Articles by Palmfeldt, J.
Right arrow Articles by van Niel, E. W. J.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, September 2004, p. 5477-5484, Vol. 70, No. 9
0099-2240/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AEM.70.9.5477-5484.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

The Pool of ADP and ATP Regulates Anaerobic Product Formation in Resting Cells of Lactococcus lactis

Johan Palmfeldt,1 Marco Paese,1 Bärbel Hahn-Hägerdal,1 and Ed W. J. van Niel1*

Applied Microbiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden1

Received 17 December 2003/ Accepted 6 May 2004

Lactococcus lactis grows homofermentatively on glucose, while its growth on maltose under anaerobic conditions results in mixed acid product formation in which formate, acetate, and ethanol are formed in addition to lactate. Maltose was used as a carbon source to study mixed acid product formation as a function of the growth rate. In batch and nitrogen-limited chemostat cultures mixed acid product formation was shown to be linked to the growth rate, and homolactic fermentation occurred only in resting cells. Two of the four lactococcal strains investigated with maltose, L. lactis 65.1 and MG1363, showed more pronounced mixed acid product formation during growth than L. lactis ATCC 19435 or IL-1403. In resting cell experiments all four strains exhibited homolactic fermentation. In resting cells the intracellular concentrations of ADP, ATP, and fructose 1,6-bisphosphate were increased and the concentration of Pi was decreased compared with the concentrations in growing cells. Addition of an ionophore (monensin or valinomycin) to resting cultures of L. lactis 65.1 induced mixed acid product formation concomitant with decreases in the ADP, ATP, and fructose 1,6-bisphosphate concentrations. ADP and ATP were shown to inhibit glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, and alcohol dehydrogenase in vitro. Alcohol dehydrogenase was the most sensitive enzyme and was totally inhibited at an adenine nucleotide concentration of 16 mM, which is close to the sum of the intracellular concentrations of ADP and ATP of resting cells. This inhibition of alcohol dehydrogenase might be partially responsible for the homolactic behavior of resting cells. A hypothesis regarding the level of the ATP-ADP pool as a regulating mechanism for the glycolytic flux and product formation in L. lactis is discussed.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Applied Microbiology, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden. Phone: 46 222 0619. Fax: 46 222 4203. E-mail: Ed.van_Niel{at}tmb.lth.se.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology, September 2004, p. 5477-5484, Vol. 70, No. 9
0099-2240/04/$08.00+0     DOI: 10.1128/AEM.70.9.5477-5484.2004
Copyright © 2004, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Zhang, Y., Pohlmann, E. L., Roberts, G. P. (2009). Effect of Perturbation of ATP Level on the Activity and Regulation of Nitrogenase in Rhodospirillum rubrum. J. Bacteriol. 191: 5526-5537 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Arskold, E., Lohmeier-Vogel, E., Cao, R., Roos, S., Radstrom, P., van Niel, E. W. J. (2008). Phosphoketolase Pathway Dominates in Lactobacillus reuteri ATCC 55730 Containing Dual Pathways for Glycolysis. J. Bacteriol. 190: 206-212 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Van der Meulen, R., Adriany, T., Verbrugghe, K., De Vuyst, L. (2006). Kinetic Analysis of Bifidobacterial Metabolism Reveals a Minor Role for Succinic Acid in the Regeneration of NAD+ through Its Growth-Associated Production. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 72: 5204-5210 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


Copyright © 2009 by the American Society for Microbiology.   For an alternate route to Journals.ASM.org, visit: http://intl-journals.asm.org | More Info»